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A branch of omics science focused on the comprehensive qualitative and quantitative characterization of metabolites in biological systems. Soil metabolomics can reveal the biochemical activities of soil microorganisms and their impact on soil health and plant growth.

Genetic material obtained directly from environmental samples without isolating any target organisms. eDNA analysis in soil can detect the presence of specific organisms or assess biodiversity and is useful for monitoring ecosystem health and biodiversity.

The process of identifying and quantifying the different species or taxa within a metagenomic sample. Soil taxonomic profiling helps in understanding the composition of microbial communities and their potential roles in soil health and crop production.

A method for identifying and comparing bacteria and archaea in soil by targeting the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. It is pivotal for phylogenetic studies and to assess the microbial diversity within soil samples.

A technique used to estimate the number of species within a community and compare diversity across samples. In soil metagenomics, rarefaction analysis helps in understanding the completeness of sampling and assessing biodiversity.

The identification and removal of chimeric sequences, which are artifacts formed by the combination of two or more parent sequences during PCR amplification. In soil metagenomics, this is crucial to ensure data quality and accurate taxonomic assignment.

A sequencing method that involves the amplification of a specific part of the genome, typically a gene or a set of genes, before sequencing. Used in soil analysis to target specific genetic regions or taxa and assess their abundance and diversity.

A field that combines computer science, biology, statistics, and mathematics to analyze and interpret biological data. In soil analysis, bioinformatics tools are crucial for processing vast amounts of metagenomic data, identifying genes, and understanding microbial interactions.

An analytical technique that studies the protein complement of the microbial community in a sample. Applying it to soil allows researchers to determine which proteins are active at any given time, offering a snapshot of microbial function in the soil ecosystem.

A term used to classify groups of closely related individuals by genomic features, often used in the absence of classical taxonomic identification. Analyzing OTUs allows for the assessment of microbial diversity and community structure in soil samples.

An approach that focuses on studying the active genes and their functions within a community by expressing them in a foreign host. In soil metagenomics, it's used to discover novel enzymes and understand the functional potential of soil microbes.

The study of all the RNA transcripts produced by the microbial community in a sample. This technique is especially relevant in soil analysis for understanding the active biological processes and how the soil microbiome responds to environmental changes.

A technique used to analyze DNA fragments from soil samples randomly, allowing for the identification of microbial communities and their functions. It's valuable in understanding the genetic diversity within soil ecosystems without the need to culture organisms.

A collection of cloned DNA fragments from a metagenomic sample stored in a suitable host organism. Libraries are fundamental for preserving genetic material for future analysis, and enables the screening of soil microbial communities for new biochemical and genetic resources.