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Involved in transcriptional activation and repression, associated with enhancer and promoter regions

Affects chromatin structure and transcription, often associated with chromosome condensation during mitosis

Can either activate or repress transcription; involved in DNA repair processes

Can lead to either activation or repression of transcription, depending on the site of methylation

Increases transcriptional activity by relaxing chromatin structure

Can signal for either transcriptional activation or DNA repair depending on the context

Usually represses transcription by promoting tighter chromatin structure

Can activate or repress transcription, depending on which methylated residues are affected

Leads to chromatin de-condensation and is associated with active transcription