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Molecular Cloning Techniques
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Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes (BACs)
Cloning vectors designed to propagate large inserts of DNA in bacteria, usually E. coli, with more stability than other bacterial vectors because of their low copy number.
Shotgun Cloning
A method used to randomly clone pieces of DNA which are then screened to find the desired sequence. Often used in sequencing genomes.
TOPO Cloning
This cloning method utilizes the properties of topoisomerase I to join DNA fragments in a simple, one-step reaction that does not require DNA ligase.
cDNA Cloning
Cloning of complementary DNA (cDNA) is a method used to clone the mRNA (messenger RNA). It involves reverse transcription of mRNA into cDNA.
Site-Directed Mutagenesis
This is a molecular biology method that is used to make specific and intentional changes to the DNA sequence of a gene and its products.
Yeast Artificial Chromosomes (YACs)
Cloning vectors derived from the DNA elements of yeast chromosomes that can replicate and segregate as artificial chromosomes in yeast cells.
Recombinant DNA Technology
This process involves combining DNA from different sources and inserting them into a host organism to produce new genetic combinations that are valuable for science, medicine, agriculture, and industry.
Molecular Cloning
A set of experimental methods used to assemble recombinant DNA and to direct its replication within a host organism.
Gateway Cloning
A molecular biology method that enables the transfer of DNA fragments between different cloning vectors through recombination.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
A technique to amplify a segment of DNA across several orders of magnitude, generating thousands to millions of copies of a particular DNA sequence.
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