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Anatomy on X-ray

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Mandible

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Lower jaw, U-shaped bone seen from the chin to the angle of the jaw

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Ribs

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Chest area, arching from spine to breastbone

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Clavicle

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Seen horizontally across the top of the chest, just below the neck

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Patella

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Knee area, appears as a small round/oval-shaped bone

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Cervical vertebrae

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Neck area, visible as a series of small bones at the top of the spine

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Ulna

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Forearm, parallel to radius, usually on the little finger side of the X-ray

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Lumbar vertebrae

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Lower back, visible as larger vertebrae beneath the thoracic vertebrae

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Maxilla

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Upper jaw, holds the upper teeth and forms the central face below the eyes

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Calcaneus

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Heel area, appears as a large bone at the back of the foot

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Radius

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Forearm, parallel to ulna, usually on the thumb side of the X-ray

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Liver

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Upper right quadrant of the abdomen, typically darker in an X-ray

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Spine

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Vertebral column, stack of vertebrae from neck to lower back

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Fibula

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Lower leg, smaller bone situated lateral to the tibia

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Humerus

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Upper arm, from shoulder to elbow, central in arm X-rays

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Tibia

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Lower leg, larger bone situated medial and anteriorly in the leg

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Small intestine

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Central and lower abdomen, may appear as a series of stacked loops

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Tarsals

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Ankle area, a set of seven irregularly shaped bones

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Sacrum

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Lower back, triangular bone at the base of the spine, above the tailbone

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Spleen

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Upper left quadrant of the abdomen, typically not very distinct on an X-ray

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Metacarpals

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Hand region, five long bones extending from the wrist to the fingers

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Sternum

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Center of the chest, directly in front of the heart

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Large intestine

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Framing the small intestine, running around the perimeter of the abdominal area

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Phalanges (fingers)

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Hand region, seen as digital bones extending beyond the metacarpals

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Phalanges (toes)

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Foot region, seen as digital bones extending beyond the metatarsals

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Skull

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Cranial area, surrounding the brain, noticeable for its rounded appearance

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Lung

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Chest area, either side of the heart, appears mostly black due to air content

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Talus

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Ankle joint area, sits between the lower leg bones and the calcaneus

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Stomach

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Upper left quadrant of the abdomen, visible depending on its content and air

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Bladder

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Pelvic area, appears as a rounded shading above the pubic bones

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Thoracic vertebrae

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Mid-back region, with ribs attached, visible as a series of bones along the back

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Carpals

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Wrist area, appears as a cluster of small bones connecting the hand to the forearm

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Femur

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Thigh region, long and prominently visible in the center of the image

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Pelvis

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Lower abdomen, a basin-shaped structure with distinct hip bones

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Scapula

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Upper back, flat triangular bone on either side

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Coccyx

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Bottom of the spine, a small triangular area below the sacrum

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Kidneys

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Either side of the spine, towards the back of the abdomen, just above the waist

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Pancreas

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Located in the upper abdomen, mostly obscured by other organs and structures

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Heart

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Chest area, centrally placed between the lungs, appears white/gray

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Metatarsals

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Foot region, five long bones extending from the ankle to the toes

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