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Anatomy on X-ray
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Femur
Thigh region, long and prominently visible in the center of the image
Humerus
Upper arm, from shoulder to elbow, central in arm X-rays
Skull
Cranial area, surrounding the brain, noticeable for its rounded appearance
Radius
Forearm, parallel to ulna, usually on the thumb side of the X-ray
Ulna
Forearm, parallel to radius, usually on the little finger side of the X-ray
Ribs
Chest area, arching from spine to breastbone
Pelvis
Lower abdomen, a basin-shaped structure with distinct hip bones
Spine
Vertebral column, stack of vertebrae from neck to lower back
Lung
Chest area, either side of the heart, appears mostly black due to air content
Heart
Chest area, centrally placed between the lungs, appears white/gray
Scapula
Upper back, flat triangular bone on either side
Clavicle
Seen horizontally across the top of the chest, just below the neck
Sternum
Center of the chest, directly in front of the heart
Tibia
Lower leg, larger bone situated medial and anteriorly in the leg
Fibula
Lower leg, smaller bone situated lateral to the tibia
Patella
Knee area, appears as a small round/oval-shaped bone
Liver
Upper right quadrant of the abdomen, typically darker in an X-ray
Stomach
Upper left quadrant of the abdomen, visible depending on its content and air
Small intestine
Central and lower abdomen, may appear as a series of stacked loops
Large intestine
Framing the small intestine, running around the perimeter of the abdominal area
Bladder
Pelvic area, appears as a rounded shading above the pubic bones
Sacrum
Lower back, triangular bone at the base of the spine, above the tailbone
Coccyx
Bottom of the spine, a small triangular area below the sacrum
Kidneys
Either side of the spine, towards the back of the abdomen, just above the waist
Spleen
Upper left quadrant of the abdomen, typically not very distinct on an X-ray
Cervical vertebrae
Neck area, visible as a series of small bones at the top of the spine
Thoracic vertebrae
Mid-back region, with ribs attached, visible as a series of bones along the back
Lumbar vertebrae
Lower back, visible as larger vertebrae beneath the thoracic vertebrae
Mandible
Lower jaw, U-shaped bone seen from the chin to the angle of the jaw
Maxilla
Upper jaw, holds the upper teeth and forms the central face below the eyes
Carpals
Wrist area, appears as a cluster of small bones connecting the hand to the forearm
Metacarpals
Hand region, five long bones extending from the wrist to the fingers
Tarsals
Ankle area, a set of seven irregularly shaped bones
Metatarsals
Foot region, five long bones extending from the ankle to the toes
Phalanges (fingers)
Hand region, seen as digital bones extending beyond the metacarpals
Phalanges (toes)
Foot region, seen as digital bones extending beyond the metatarsals
Calcaneus
Heel area, appears as a large bone at the back of the foot
Talus
Ankle joint area, sits between the lower leg bones and the calcaneus
Pancreas
Located in the upper abdomen, mostly obscured by other organs and structures
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