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Reduced bone density, vertebral compression fractures, cortical thinning.

Punched-out lytic lesions, diffuse osteopenia, pathological fractures.

Bowel wall thickening, 'string sign' in Crohn's, 'lead pipe' appearance in ulcerative colitis.

Well-defined, round or oval breast mass, may be multiple, homogeneous density.

Solitary pulmonary nodule or mass with or without spiculation, hilar enlargement, mediastinal lymphadenopathy.

Presence of air in the pleural space; seen as a line of increased lucency; lung margin is visible distinct from the chest wall.

Widened mediastinum, abnormal aortic contour, possible calcifications.

Pancreatic enlargement, peripancreatic stranding, pancreatic calcifications.

Focal dilation of the abdominal aorta, possible calcification of the aneurysm wall, retroperitoneal hematoma in rupture.

Mass effect, contrast enhancement, surrounding edema.

Dilated loops of small bowel, air-fluid levels, stack of coins or string of pearls sign on X-ray.

Esophageal thickening on CT, stricture, hiatal hernia.

Opacification of affected sinus, mucosal thickening, air-fluid level.

Cardiomegaly, interstitial edema, pleural effusion, Kerley B lines.

Ventricular enlargement, transependymal flow of CSF, 'sunset eyes' sign.

Reticular or nodular pattern, honeycombing, ground-glass opacities.

Periosteal reaction, bone destruction, sequestrum and involucrum formation.

Interstitial and alveolar infiltrates, Kerley B lines, Bat wing or butterfly pattern of opacities.

Extra-axial mass, dural tail sign, broad-based attachment to dura.

Enlarged liver silhouette on abdominal radiographs, displacement of adjacent organs.

Westermark sign, Hampton's hump, Fleischner sign, may be normal.

Hyperdense area on CT, surrounding edema, mass effect with possible midline shift.

Mass with spiculated margins, microcalcifications, architectural distortion.

Consolidation, air bronchograms, increased opacity.

Blunting of costophrenic angle, meniscus sign, homogeneous opacity.

Cavitary lesions, Ghon complexes, miliary pattern on chest radiograph.

Discontinuity in bony cortex, abnormal angulation, soft tissue swelling.

Echogenic foci with posterior acoustic shadowing on ultrasound, may have calcified gallstones on X-ray.

Anterior displacement of a vertebra, widening of the intervertebral disc space, possible neural foraminal narrowing.

Appendix diameter > 6mm on ultrasound, periappendiceal fat stranding on CT, appendicolith.

Rounded opacities, can be solitary or multiple, size varies, may have calcifications.

Hyperinflated lungs, flattened diaphragm, increased retrosternal airspace, bullae.

Radiopaque stones on X-ray or CT, hydronephrosis, ureteral dilation.

Joint space narrowing, osteophytes, subchondral sclerosis, subchondral cysts.