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Radiologic Signs
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Bat Wing Pulmonary Opacity
Bilateral alveolar consolidation with central distribution, associated with pulmonary edema.
Codman Triangle
Periosteal reaction with elevation of the periosteum forming an angle, associated with osteosarcoma and other aggressive bone lesions.
Crescent Sign
Radiolucent crescent shape within a lesion in the bone, seen in avascular necrosis.
Cotton Wool Spots
Patchy, fluffy white lesions on the retina seen on fundoscopy, associated with hypertensive retinopathy.
Bird Beak Sign
Tapering of the distal esophagus in achalasia, seen on a barium swallow study.
Cannonball Metastases
Multiple, well-rounded opacities on chest radiography, suggestive of hematogenous metastatic disease, often from renal cell carcinoma.
Apple Core Lesion
Characteristic appearance of a constricted section of bowel resembling an apple core, typically associated with colorectal cancer.
Ground Glass Opacity
Hazy areas of increased attenuation in the lung with preserved bronchial and vascular markings, associated with interstitial lung diseases and viral pneumonias.
Eggshell Calcification
Thin, well-defined ring of calcification, often seen in silicosis or sarcoidosis.
Double Bubble Sign
Two adjacent rounded radiolucencies in the upper abdomen on plain radiograph, indicative of duodenal atresia.
Halo Sign
Circumferential ring of ground-glass opacity surrounding a nodule or mass, often associated with invasive fungal infections.
Steeple Sign
Subglottic tracheal narrowing creating a 'steeple' or 'pencil-point' appearance on anteroposterior neck radiograph, associated with croup.
Ivory Vertebra
Increased opacity of a vertebral body that looks whiter than adjacent structures, associated with Paget's disease or metastatic disease.
Sail Sign
Elevation of the anterior fat pad seen on lateral elbow radiographs, suggestive of an elbow joint effusion.
Soap Bubble Appearance
Radiolucent lesions with internal trabeculation, seen in giant cell tumor of the bone.
Ring Enhancing Lesion
Lesion with a characteristic appearance of a ring of enhancement on CT or MRI, suggestive of brain abscess, metastatic cancer or demyelinating disease.
Lemon Sign
Scalloping of the frontal bones of the calvarium on prenatal ultrasonography, associated with spina bifida.
Lead Pipe Appearance
Loss of haustration in the colon resulting in a smooth colon, associated with chronic ulcerative colitis.
Pencil in Cup Deformity
Phalangeal bone erosion with tapered proximal phalanx and relatively preserved distal joint, suggestive of psoriatic arthritis.
Water Bottle Sign
Cardiac silhouette resembling a water bottle on chest radiography, associated with pericardial effusion.
Popcorn Calcification
Laminated calcific density with a 'popcorn' shape, associated with benign lung hamartomas.
Sandwich Sign
The encasement of mesenteric vessels between enlarged mesenteric nodes, seen on CT, associated with lymphoma.
Sunburst Pattern
Radiating spiculated periosteal reaction, suggestive of osteosarcoma.
Napkin Ring Sign
Constriction of a segment of colon with proximal dilatation, associated with colon cancer.
Shaggy Heart Sign
Irregular borders of the cardiac silhouette on chest radiography, associated with pericarditis.
Thumbprint Sign
Swelling of the epiglottis, seen as a thumb-like projection on lateral neck radiographs, associated with epiglottitis.
Omental Cake
Gelatinous infiltration of the omentum, seen as a soft-tissue density mass on CT, typically associated with peritoneal carcinomatosis.
Pneumothorax
Presence of air in the pleural space, seen as a line of radiolucency separating the lung margin from the chest wall; commonly from trauma or spontaneous.
Honeycomb Lung
Appearance of clustered cystic air spaces, typical of advanced interstitial lung disease.
Scottie Dog Sign
Appearance on an oblique lumbar spine radiograph suggesting a spinal pars interarticularis defect like spondylolysis.
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