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Osteoarthritis Essentials

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NSAIDs

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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used to relieve pain and decrease inflammation in osteoarthritis.

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Physical therapy

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Exercises and modalities aimed at improving joint function, strength, and flexibility to manage osteoarthritis symptoms.

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Weight management

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Maintaining a healthy weight to reduce stress on weight-bearing joints and relieve symptoms of osteoarthritis.

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Occupational therapy

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Intervention to optimize daily living and working activities for individuals with osteoarthritis, through education and adaptive strategies.

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Cold packs

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Application of cold to reduce swelling and numb pain in osteoarthritic joints.

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Chondroitin sulfate

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Dietary supplement believed to promote cartilage repair and alleviate pain in osteoarthritis, though evidence is mixed.

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Yoga

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Mind-body practice that combines physical postures, breathing exercises, and meditation to improve joint flexibility and reduce stress in osteoarthritis.

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Topical therapies

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Creams or gels containing pain-relieving compounds applied directly to the skin over affected joints in osteoarthritis.

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Morning stiffness

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Brief stiffness in the affected joints lasting less than 30 minutes after initiating movement; less pronounced than in inflammatory arthritides.

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Hyaluronic acid injections

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Viscosupplementation treatment by injecting lubricating fluid into the joint to improve function and reduce pain in osteoarthritis.

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Tai Chi

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Chinese martial art that emphasizes slow and gentle movements to increase balance, flexibility, and strength, benefiting individuals with osteoarthritis.

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Limited range of motion

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Reduced joint mobility due to pain, muscle weakness, and structural changes in osteoarthritis.

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Intra-articular corticosteroids

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Injection into the joint to reduce inflammation and provide short-term pain relief for osteoarthritis flare-ups.

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Crepitus

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A grating or crackling sensation or sound in the joints, indicative of cartilage wear in osteoarthritis.

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Assistive devices

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Tools like canes, walkers, or braces that help reduce the load on osteoarthritic joints and improve function.

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Bony enlargement

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The formation of osteophytes at the margin of joints, contributing to joint deformity and swelling in osteoarthritis.

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TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation)

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Non-invasive method using low-voltage electric current to relieve pain in the affected osteoarthritis joints.

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Acetaminophen

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Analgesic used in osteoarthritis for pain management, with fewer gastrointestinal side effects than NSAIDs.

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Joint replacement surgery

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Surgical procedure to replace a severely damaged joint with a prosthesis, often indicated for advanced osteoarthritis.

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Heating pads

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Application of heat to relieve stiffness and muscle spasm associated with osteoarthritis.

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Aquatic therapy

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Exercise performed in a pool to take advantage of the water's resistance and buoyancy, reducing stress on joints for osteoarthritis patients.

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Glucosamine

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Supplement purported to support joint health and slow deterioration in osteoarthritis, with varying clinical trial results.

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Joint aspiration

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Procedure involving the removal of excess fluid from a swollen joint to diagnose and relieve pressure in osteoarthritis.

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Pilates

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Exercise regimen focusing on improving body awareness, core strength, and flexibility, which can help in managing osteoarthritis.

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Joint Pain

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Localized pain exacerbated by activity and relieved by rest, often considered the cardinal symptom of osteoarthritis.

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