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Location: Ma'an, Jordan. Historical Relevance: An archaeological city famous for its rock-cut architecture and water conduit system, once the capital of the Nabatean Kingdom.

Location: Giza Plateau, Egypt. Historical Relevance: Iconic ancient Egyptian pyramids built as monumental tombs for Pharaohs and recognized as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.

Location: Hillah, Babil, Iraq. Historical Relevance: An ancient Akkadian city-state known for its impressive walls and buildings, particularly the hanging gardens which are one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.

Location: Homs Governorate, Syria. Historical Relevance: Ancient Semitic city that became a Roman trading outpost and later a major metropolis in the Roman Empire.

Location: Fars Province, Iran. Historical Relevance: The ceremonial capital of the Achaemenid Empire, with significant ruins including grand palaces and reliefs depicting kings and courtiers.

Location: Jerusalem, Israel. Historical Relevance: A city with immense religious significance to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, it contains holy sites such as the Western Wall, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, and the Dome of the Rock.

Location: Dhi Qar Province, Iraq. Historical Relevance: An ancient Sumerian ziggurat or temple tower built during the Early Bronze Age, dedicated to the moon god Nanna/Sin.

Location: Hejaz, Saudi Arabia. Historical Relevance: The holiest city in Islam, it is the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad and the site of the Kaaba in the Masjid al-Haram, the destination for the Islamic pilgrimage of Hajj.

Location: Bethlehem, West Bank, Palestinian territories. Historical Relevance: A basilica located over the traditional birthplace of Jesus Christ, it is one of the oldest continuously operating churches in the world.

Location: Al-Jazira Region, Iraq. Historical Relevance: An ancient fortified city that withstood invasions by the Romans in 116 and 198 AD, it has Hellenistic and Roman architecture with Eastern decorative features.

Location: Northern District, Israel. Historical Relevance: An ancient city that has played a role in history since the 5th millennium BCE, with significant Roman and Byzantine ruins.

Location: Beqaa Valley, Lebanon. Historical Relevance: An ancient Phoenician city, known for its well-preserved Roman temples dedicated to Jupiter, Venus, and Bacchus.

Location: Southern District, Israel. Historical Relevance: An ancient fortress built by Herod the Great, famous for the mass suicide of the Jewish Sicarii rebels who chose death over capture by the Romans.

Location: Samarra, Iraq. Historical Relevance: A ninth-century mosque built in the Abbasid caliphate, featuring a unique spiraling cone minaret known as the Malwiya Tower.

Location: Damascus, Syria. Historical Relevance: One of the oldest and largest mosques in the world, also known as the Great Mosque of Damascus, it is considered the fourth-holiest place in Islam.

Location: Istanbul, Turkey. Historical Relevance: A former Greek Orthodox Christian patriarchal cathedral, later an Ottoman imperial mosque and now a museum, significant for its massive dome and as an epitome of Byzantine architecture.

Location: Jerusalem, Israel. Historical Relevance: According to Biblical tradition, the temple was the first holy temple of the ancient Israelites, built by King Solomon and destroyed by the Babylonians.

Location: Pasargadae, Iran. Historical Relevance: The burial place of Cyrus the Great, it reflects the Achaemenid style of architecture and is critical for understanding pre-Islamic Persian culture.

Location: Likely near Hillah or Baghdad, Iraq. Historical Relevance: Described as a remarkable feat of engineering with an ascending series of tiered gardens containing a wide variety of plants, it is considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.