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Uprisings and Revolutions in the Middle East
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Iranian Revolution
1979, Overthrow of the Shah, Establishment of an Islamic Republic
Egyptian Revolution of 1919
1919, British recognition of Egyptian independence in 1922
Iraqi Revolution of 1958
1958, Overthrow of the Hashemite monarchy, Establishment of a republic
Syrian Revolution (March 1963)
1963, Ba'ath Party took power in Syria
The Great Arab Revolt
1916-1918, Contributed to the dismantling of the Ottoman Empire
Yemeni Revolution
2011-2012, Resulted in the end of Ali Abdullah Saleh's presidency
Libyan Civil War
2011, Overthrow and death of Muammar Gaddafi
The White Revolution (Iran)
1963, Several social, economic and political reforms under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
The Druze Revolt
1925-1927, Temporary Druze autonomy within Syria, eventual suppression by the French
Tobruk Rebellion (Libya)
1942, Localized resistance against Italian occupation defeated by Axis powers
Kurdish Rebellions in Turkey
Multiple instances, no long-term successful outcome, ongoing conflict
Cedar Revolution (Lebanon)
2005, Withdrawal of Syrian forces from Lebanon
Black September in Jordan
1970, Suppression of the PLO in Jordan, resulting in their relocation to Lebanon
Suez Crisis
1956, Withdrawal of Israeli, French, and British troops; nationalization of the Suez Canal
March Intifada (Iraq)
1991, Brutal suppression of uprisings, particularly in Southern Iraq and Iraqi Kurdistan
Palestine War of 1948
1948, Establishment of the State of Israel, Palestinian exodus
Iranian Green Movement
2009, No change in the presidency, increased government repression
Omani Dhofar Rebellion
1962-1976, Defeat of the rebellion, Sultanate of Oman consolidated power
Kuwaiti Oil Fires
1991, Environmental disaster resulted from retreating Iraqi military forces setting fire to Kuwaiti oil wells
Bahraini Uprising (2011)
2011, Limited reforms, ongoing suppression and political unrest
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