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The belief in only one God, significant in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

The central reference of the religious Judaic tradition. It includes the first five books of the Hebrew Bible.

An Islamic term referring to the religious duty of Muslims; often misunderstood as meaning 'holy war'.

A cuboid building at the center of Islam's most sacred mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia.

A Christian sacrament of initiation and purification involving the use of water.

The ninth month of the Islamic calendar observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting, prayer, reflection and community.

The Islamic creed, it is one of the Five Pillars of Islam and means 'the testimony'.

An agreement found in the Hebrew Bible between God and the Israelites, including those such as the Mosaic Covenant.

The largest denomination of Islam, followers believe in the legitimacy of the first four caliphs.

One of the two main branches of Islam, followers believe in the authority of Imams, descendants of Ali.

A Christian sacrament in which bread and wine are consumed as memorials of Jesus's Last Supper with his disciples.

A movement for the re-establishment, development, and protection of a Jewish nation in what is now Israel.

An Islamic state under the leadership of an Islamic steward known as a caliph.

An Islamic concept declaring the oneness of God. It is the religion's most fundamental concept and its central theological principle.

A Christian feast day commemorating the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles and other followers of Jesus Christ.

An Islamic doctrine and religious movement founded by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. It is a strict form of Sunni Islam.

A mystical form of Islam that seeks to find divine love and knowledge through direct personal experience of God.

In Judaism and Christianity, a gold-covered wooden chest containing the two stone tablets of the Ten Commandments.

The practice of formal prayer in Islam; it is one of the Five Pillars and is performed five times each day by Muslims.

A central Christian doctrine that defines God as three consubstantial persons: the Father, the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit.

Islamic religious law that governs not only religious rituals but aspects of day-to-day life in Islam.

A Jewish house of worship where congregational services and religious learning take place.

An Islamic leadership position, often the worship leader of a mosque and Muslim community among Sunni Muslims; among Shia Muslims, one of the Twelve Imams is considered infallible and the true spiritual successor to Muhammad.

The Jewish New Year, a two-day celebration that marks the beginning of the Jewish High Holy Days each autumn.