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Treaties and Accords in the Middle East

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Camp David Accords

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Signatories: Egypt and Israel; Terms: Framework for Peace in the Middle East and Framework for the Conclusion of a Peace Treaty between Egypt and Israel.

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Oslo Accords

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Signatories: Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO); Terms: Creation of the Palestinian Authority, mutual recognition, and beginnings of Palestinian self-governance in Gaza Strip and West Bank.

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Sykes-Picot Agreement

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Signatories: United Kingdom and France; Terms: Division of the Ottoman Empire's Middle Eastern territories into British and French spheres of influence.

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Treaty of Sèvres

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Signatories: Allied Powers and Ottoman Empire; Terms: Partitioning of the Ottoman Empire, renunciation of sovereignty over Arab Asia and North Africa.

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Treaty of Lausanne

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Signatories: Turkey and Allied Powers; Terms: Recognition of the sovereignty of the Republic of Turkey, establishment of boundaries, abolition of the capitulations.

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Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty

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Signatories: Egypt and Israel; Terms: Normalization of relations, withdrawal of Israeli troops and civilians from the Sinai Peninsula, free passage through the Suez Canal.

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Treaty of Jeddah

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Signatories: Saudi Arabia and United Kingdom; Terms: Recognition of the sovereignty of the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia), end of British payments to Ibn Saud.

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Algiers Agreement

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Signatories: Iran and Iraq; Terms: Settlement of border disputes, recognized sovereignty over the Shatt al-Arab waterway, cessation of Iraqi support to the Kurdish rebellion in Iran.

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Taif Agreement

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Signatories: Various Lebanese factions; Terms: Aimed to provide 'the basis for the ending of the civil war and the return to political normalcy in Lebanon.'

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Arab Peace Initiative

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Signatories: Arab League; Terms: Full normalization of relations between Arab states and Israel, in return for a full withdrawal by Israel from the occupied territories and a fair solution for Palestinian refugees.

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Wadi Araba Treaty

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Signatories: Israel and Jordan; Terms: Peace treaty settling relations and resolving issues between the countries, including water sharing, border demarcation, and mutual recognition.

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Madrid Conference of 1991

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Signatories: Included Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, and the Palestinians; Terms: Not a treaty, but a peace conference aimed at reviving the Israeli-Palestinian peace process through negotiations.

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Doha Agreement

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Signatories: Various Lebanese factions; Terms: Addressed the 2008 Lebanese crisis, leading to the election of a new President, formation of a national unity government, and new electoral law.

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Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA)

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Signatories: Iran and P5+1 (China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, United States, plus Germany); Terms: Iran agreed to curb its nuclear program in exchange for relief from economic sanctions.

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Abraham Accords

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Signatories: Israel, United Arab Emirates, and Bahrain; Terms: Agreement to normalize relations including opening embassies, exchange ambassadors, and the beginning of bilateral cooperation in various sectors.

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Agreement of Brotherhood and Cooperation

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Signatories: Turkey and Libya; Terms: Establishment of close political relations and cooperation, and a controversial maritime boundary agreement.

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Jericho Agreement

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Signatories: Israel and Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO); Terms: Provided for the beginning of Palestinian self-rule in the Jericho area.

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Casablanca Protocol

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Signatories: Arab League members; Terms: Affirmed the right of the Palestinian state to sovereignty over its occupied land and the illegitimacy of the Israeli occupation.

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Gaza-Jericho Agreement

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Signatories: Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO); Terms: Israeli withdrawal from the Gaza Strip and Jericho area, and establishment of the Palestinian Authority.

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Treaty of Ankara

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Signatories: Republic of Turkey and the French Republic; Terms: Established the common borders between Turkey and the French Mandate of Syria.

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