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Treaties and Accords in the Middle East
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Camp David Accords
Signatories: Egypt and Israel; Terms: Framework for Peace in the Middle East and Framework for the Conclusion of a Peace Treaty between Egypt and Israel.
Oslo Accords
Signatories: Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO); Terms: Creation of the Palestinian Authority, mutual recognition, and beginnings of Palestinian self-governance in Gaza Strip and West Bank.
Sykes-Picot Agreement
Signatories: United Kingdom and France; Terms: Division of the Ottoman Empire's Middle Eastern territories into British and French spheres of influence.
Treaty of Sèvres
Signatories: Allied Powers and Ottoman Empire; Terms: Partitioning of the Ottoman Empire, renunciation of sovereignty over Arab Asia and North Africa.
Treaty of Lausanne
Signatories: Turkey and Allied Powers; Terms: Recognition of the sovereignty of the Republic of Turkey, establishment of boundaries, abolition of the capitulations.
Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty
Signatories: Egypt and Israel; Terms: Normalization of relations, withdrawal of Israeli troops and civilians from the Sinai Peninsula, free passage through the Suez Canal.
Treaty of Jeddah
Signatories: Saudi Arabia and United Kingdom; Terms: Recognition of the sovereignty of the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia), end of British payments to Ibn Saud.
Algiers Agreement
Signatories: Iran and Iraq; Terms: Settlement of border disputes, recognized sovereignty over the Shatt al-Arab waterway, cessation of Iraqi support to the Kurdish rebellion in Iran.
Taif Agreement
Signatories: Various Lebanese factions; Terms: Aimed to provide 'the basis for the ending of the civil war and the return to political normalcy in Lebanon.'
Arab Peace Initiative
Signatories: Arab League; Terms: Full normalization of relations between Arab states and Israel, in return for a full withdrawal by Israel from the occupied territories and a fair solution for Palestinian refugees.
Wadi Araba Treaty
Signatories: Israel and Jordan; Terms: Peace treaty settling relations and resolving issues between the countries, including water sharing, border demarcation, and mutual recognition.
Madrid Conference of 1991
Signatories: Included Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, and the Palestinians; Terms: Not a treaty, but a peace conference aimed at reviving the Israeli-Palestinian peace process through negotiations.
Doha Agreement
Signatories: Various Lebanese factions; Terms: Addressed the 2008 Lebanese crisis, leading to the election of a new President, formation of a national unity government, and new electoral law.
Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA)
Signatories: Iran and P5+1 (China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, United States, plus Germany); Terms: Iran agreed to curb its nuclear program in exchange for relief from economic sanctions.
Abraham Accords
Signatories: Israel, United Arab Emirates, and Bahrain; Terms: Agreement to normalize relations including opening embassies, exchange ambassadors, and the beginning of bilateral cooperation in various sectors.
Agreement of Brotherhood and Cooperation
Signatories: Turkey and Libya; Terms: Establishment of close political relations and cooperation, and a controversial maritime boundary agreement.
Jericho Agreement
Signatories: Israel and Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO); Terms: Provided for the beginning of Palestinian self-rule in the Jericho area.
Casablanca Protocol
Signatories: Arab League members; Terms: Affirmed the right of the Palestinian state to sovereignty over its occupied land and the illegitimacy of the Israeli occupation.
Gaza-Jericho Agreement
Signatories: Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO); Terms: Israeli withdrawal from the Gaza Strip and Jericho area, and establishment of the Palestinian Authority.
Treaty of Ankara
Signatories: Republic of Turkey and the French Republic; Terms: Established the common borders between Turkey and the French Mandate of Syria.
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