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Middle Eastern Geography
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Turkey
Ankara: Capital of Turkey, situated in the Anatolian region of the country.
Saudi Arabia
Riyadh: Capital city, located in the Najd region, major financial hub.
Egypt
Cairo: Capital of Egypt, one of the largest cities in Africa, famous for its proximity to the Giza pyramid complex.
Iran
Tehran: Capital city, situated in the north of the country, cultural and economic center.
United Arab Emirates
Abu Dhabi: Capital and second most populous city, located on an island in the Persian Gulf.
The Dead Sea
Location: Borders Jordan to the east and Israel and Palestine to the west. Known for its hypersaline water and mineral content.
Israel
Jerusalem: Contested capital, one of the oldest cities in the world and significant to major monotheistic religions.
Petra
Location: Southern Jordan. An archaeological city famous for its rock-cut architecture and water conduit system.
Iraq
Baghdad: Capital city, historically known as the center of learning during the Islamic Golden Age.
Kuwait
Kuwait City: Capital, major cultural and economic hub, located on the shores of the Persian Gulf.
Qatar
Doha: Capital city, known for its futuristic skyscrapers and ultramodern architecture.
Lebanon
Beirut: Capital city, major port and cultural center, known for its rich history and vibrant nightlife.
Jordan
Amman: Capital city, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.
Syria
Damascus: Capital city, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, with a rich cultural heritage.
Oman
Muscat: Capital city, situated on the Arabian Sea, known for its trading history and stunning forts.
Bahrain
Manama: Capital city, leading financial center with a thriving modern skyline.
Yemen
Sana'a: Capital city, one of the oldest populated cities in the world, with distinctive architectural styles.
Cyprus
Nicosia: Capital city, last divided capital in the world, with rich history and diverse culture.
The Dome of the Rock
Location: Jerusalem, an Islamic shrine with a golden dome, located on the Temple Mount in the Old City.
Palmyra
Location: Central Syria. An ancient Semitic city with Greco-Roman influences known for its well-preserved ruins.
The Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba
Location: Córdoba, Spain. Originally a Catholic Christian church converted into an Islamic mosque in the Middle Ages.
The Bosphorus
Location: Turkey. A narrow, natural strait that forms part of the boundary between Europe and Asia.
Babylon
Location: Present-day Iraq. An ancient city which was the center of Mesopotamian civilization.
Masada
Location: Southern District of Israel. An ancient fortress on a towering plateau overlooking the Dead Sea.
Suez Canal
Location: Egypt. An artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea.
The Kaaba
Location: Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Islam's most sacred site, towards which Muslims face when performing prayers.
The Golan Heights
Location: Disputed region, internationally recognized as Syrian territory but occupied and administered by Israel.
Azerbaijan
Baku: Capital city, situated on the Caspian Sea, known for its medieval walled Inner City.
Alhambra
Location: Granada, Spain. A palace and fortress complex of the Moorish rulers, known for its architectural beauty.
Persepolis
Location: Iran. The ceremonial capital of the Achaemenid Empire, with impressive ruins and reliefs.
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