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Civil Litigation Stages
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Complaint / Pleading
The initial document filed by the plaintiff with the court which sets forth the basis for the lawsuit.
Service of Process
The procedure by which a defendant is notified of the complaint and the litigation against them.
Answer
The defendant's official written response to the plaintiff's complaint.
Discovery
A pre-trial phase in which both parties exchange information and gather evidence.
Motion Practice
The phase where parties make written requests to the court for a ruling or order on certain issues.
Pre-trial Conference
A meeting between the parties and a judge to discuss trial preparations and potential settlement.
Trial
The formal presentation of evidence in court to a judge or jury for a decision.
Post-trial Motions
Requests made to the court after the trial, often seeking to alter or contest the verdict.
Appeal
The process of seeking a higher court's review of a lower court's decision.
Enforcement of Judgment
Legal processes to ensure the court's decision is followed, such as collecting a monetary award.
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