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Eating Disorders Classification

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Anorexia Nervosa

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Diagnostic Criteria: Restriction of energy intake relative to requirements leading to significantly low body weight. Intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat. Disturbance in the way one's body weight or shape is experienced. Assessment Strategies: Physical examination, standardized eating disorder questionnaires, psychological evaluation.

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Bulimia Nervosa

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Diagnostic Criteria: Recurrent episodes of binge eating. Recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain. The binge eating and compensatory behaviors both occur, on average, at least once a week for three months. Self-evaluation is unduly influenced by body shape and weight. Assessment Strategies: Psychiatric interview, self-report questionnaires, review of physical symptoms and behaviors related to eating.

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Binge Eating Disorder

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Diagnostic Criteria: Recurrent episodes of binge eating characterized by both of the following: Eating, within any 2-hour period, an amount of food that is definitely larger than what most people would eat in a similar period and a sense of lack of control over eating during the episode. Distress regarding binge eating. Occurs at least once a week for three months. No regular use of inappropriate compensatory behaviors. Assessment Strategies: Interview using the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE), self-reporting scales, monitoring eating patterns and emotional states.

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Pica

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Diagnostic Criteria: Persistent eating of non-nutritive, non-food substances over a period of at least one month. Inappropriate to the developmental level of the individual. Not part of a culturally supported or socially normative practice. Assessment Strategies: Medical evaluation to check for potential ingestion-related injuries or toxicities, dietary assessment, psychological evaluation to determine cognitive development.

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Rumination Disorder

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Diagnostic Criteria: Repeated regurgitation of food for a period of at least one month. Regurgitated food may be re-chewed, re-swallowed, or spit out. The behavior is not due to an associated gastrointestinal or other medical condition. Assessment Strategies: Medical history and examination to rule out gastrointestinal causes, observation of eating behaviors, psychological assessment for comorbid conditions.

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Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)

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Diagnostic Criteria: An eating or feeding disturbance (e.g., apparent lack of interest in eating or food; avoidance based on the sensory characteristics of food; concern about aversive consequences of eating) as manifested by persistent failure to meet appropriate nutritional and/or energy needs. Assessment Strategies: Detailed food intake history, assessment of psychological and social functioning, medical evaluation to rule out underlying medical conditions.

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Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED)

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Diagnostic Criteria: Feeding or eating behaviors that cause significant distress and impairment in areas of functioning, do not meet the full criteria for any of the disorders in the DSM-5, but still require clinical attention. Assessment Strategies: Comprehensive psychiatric assessment, consideration of symptom presentation that does not neatly fit into other categories, ruling out other disorders.

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Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder (UFED)

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Diagnostic Criteria: Disturbances in eating behavior that cause significant distress or impairment in personal, social, educational, or occupational areas but do not meet the full criteria for any of the eating disorders in the DSM-5. Assessment Strategies: Interview assessing symptoms and psychosocial functioning, dietary history and assessment, elimination of other possible disorders.

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