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Neurotransmitters and Function
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Dopamine
Function: Movement, motivation, and reward system regulation. Related Disorders: Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, addiction.
Serotonin
Function: Mood regulation, appetite, and sleep. Related Disorders: Depression, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Norepinephrine
Function: Arousal and alertness, part of the fight-or-flight response. Related Disorders: Anxiety disorders, depression, ADHD.
Glutamate
Function: Main excitatory neurotransmitter, involved in cognitive functions. Related Disorders: Alzheimer's disease, autism spectrum disorders, glutamate excitotoxicity.
GABA
Function: Main inhibitory neurotransmitter, reduces neuronal excitability. Related Disorders: Anxiety disorders, epilepsy, insomnia.
Acetylcholine
Function: Involved in muscle activation, attention, and memory. Related Disorders: Alzheimer’s disease, myasthenia gravis, dementia.
Endorphins
Function: Pain relief and feelings of pleasure. Related Disorders: Opioid addiction, fibromyalgia, depression.
Anandamide
Function: Mood regulation, appetite, pain sensation. Related Disorders: Anxiety, depression, obesity.
Histamine
Function: Wakefulness, appetite control, and digestive release. Related Disorders: Sleep disorders, allergies, gastric secretion disorders.
Oxytocin
Function: Social bonding, sexual reproduction, childbirth, and the period after childbirth. Related Disorders: Autism spectrum disorder, social anxiety, relationship difficulties.
Adenosine
Function: Sleep-wake regulation, energy transfer, signal transduction. Related Disorders: Sleep disorders, chronic pain conditions.
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
Function: Response to stress, stimulates the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Related Disorders: Anxiety, depression, stress disorders.
Substance P
Function: Transmission of pain information, stress response, and inflammation. Related Disorders: Depression, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome.
Nitric Oxide
Function: Neural communication, vasodilation, and immune response. Related Disorders: Hypertension, erectile dysfunction, inflammatory conditions.
Vasopressin
Function: Water retention in the kidneys, blood pressure regulation. Related Disorders: Diabetes insipidus, SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion).
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