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Catalyzes the breakdown of starch into sugars in microbes.

Involved in the degradation of lipids, converting them into glycerol and fatty acids.

Enzyme responsible for proteolysis; breaking down proteins into peptides or amino acids.

Enzyme that facilitates the replication of DNA by adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand.

An enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template during transcription.

Converts ammonia to nitrate compounds, primarily facilitated by Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter.

Helps to rapidly convert carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and protons, maintaining acid-base balance.

Hydrolyses lactose into glucose and galactose, particularly important in dairy product fermentation.

Catalyzes the reversible oxidation of molecular hydrogen.

Catalyzes nitrogen fixation, converting atmospheric nitrogen to bioavailable ammonia.

Breaks down pectin, a polysaccharide found in plant cell walls, commonly used in fruit juice extraction.

Catalyzes the decomposition of cellulose into glucose or shorter polysaccharides.

Degrades the polysaccharide xylan into xylose, used in paper and feed industries.

Catalyzes the conversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.

Catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate and lactate with concomitant interconversion of NADH and NAD+.

Phosphorylates hexoses to form hexose phosphate, a key step in glycolysis.

Catalyzes the conversion of acetate to acetyl-CoA, an important step in many fermentative pathways.

Protects cells against superoxide radical damage by catalyzing its conversion to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.

Breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, protecting cells from oxidative damage.

Hydrolyzes urea to form ammonia and carbon dioxide, aiding in nitrogen recycling.

Breaks down starch into glucose, thereby completing the digestion of polysaccharides.

Catalyzes the first step in the pentose phosphate pathway, generating NADPH and pentoses.

Regulates the rate of glycolysis by converting fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate.

Catalyzes the final step of glycolysis, converting PEP to pyruvate and generating ATP.

Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate, producing alpha-ketoglutarate and CO2 in the citric acid cycle.

Catalyzes the interconversion of malate to oxaloacetate and generates NADH in the TCA cycle.

Facilitates the conversion of amino acids to alpha-keto acids through transfer of an amino group.

Reduces sulfite to sulfide, a crucial step in microbial sulfate reduction.

Key enzyme in the Calvin cycle, catalyzing carbon dioxide assimilation in photosynthetic organisms.

Catalyzes the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia in the nitrogen assimilation process.

Converts arginine into urea and ornithine, and plays a role in the urea cycle.

Regulatory enzyme in fatty acid biosynthesis that catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA.

Converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, linking glycolysis to the TCA cycle.

Hydrolyzes the disaccharide lactose into monosaccharides glucose and galactose during lactose metabolism.

Part of the electron transport chain, it transfers electrons from Coenzyme Q to cytochrome c.