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The development of the myelin sheath around the axons of neurons, which increases the speed of signal transmission.

The process of eliminating excess neurons and synapses to increase the efficiency of neuronal transmissions.

Formation and branching of dendrites to increase the surface area for possible synaptic connections.

The role of genes in guiding the development, organization, and function of the brain.

Movement of neurons from their origin to their final position in the brain.

Changes in the neural structure and function due to learning and interaction with the environment.

The process where the neural plate rolls into a tube that will develop into the brain and spinal cord.

External factors such as nutrition, stress, and exposure to toxins, which can affect brain development.

The extension of axons from neurons to their correct targets, guided by molecular cues.

Proteins that support the growth, differentiation, and survival of neurons during development.

The development and refinement of brain circuits that are anticipated to be present in the typical environment.

The brain's ability to change and adapt as a result of experience throughout life.

The rapid cell division of neural progenitor cells in the neural tube.

The process where neural stem cells become specialized neurons or glial cells.

Specific time windows during development when the nervous system is particularly sensitive to certain environmental stimuli.

Early neural tissue that eventually forms the neural tube, which is the precursor to the central nervous system.

Programmed cell death that is essential for the removal of excess neurons and the shaping of the developing nervous system.