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Early neural tissue that eventually forms the neural tube, which is the precursor to the central nervous system.

The process where the neural plate rolls into a tube that will develop into the brain and spinal cord.

The rapid cell division of neural progenitor cells in the neural tube.

Movement of neurons from their origin to their final position in the brain.

The process where neural stem cells become specialized neurons or glial cells.

The extension of axons from neurons to their correct targets, guided by molecular cues.

Formation and branching of dendrites to increase the surface area for possible synaptic connections.

The formation of synapses between neurons in the nervous system.

The process of eliminating excess neurons and synapses to increase the efficiency of neuronal transmissions.

The development of the myelin sheath around the axons of neurons, which increases the speed of signal transmission.

Programmed cell death that is essential for the removal of excess neurons and the shaping of the developing nervous system.

Proteins that support the growth, differentiation, and survival of neurons during development.

The brain's ability to change and adapt as a result of experience throughout life.

Changes in the neural structure and function due to learning and interaction with the environment.

Specific time windows during development when the nervous system is particularly sensitive to certain environmental stimuli.

The development and refinement of brain circuits that are anticipated to be present in the typical environment.

The role of genes in guiding the development, organization, and function of the brain.