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Involved in the cognitive and emotional aspects of pain processing, decision-making, and judgment about pain.

Increased sensitivity of nociceptors at the site of tissue damage.

Acts as the main relay station for sensory information, including pain, going to the cerebral cortex.

Fast-conducting, myelinated fibers that transmit sharp, immediate pain.

A theory proposing that pain transmission can be modulated by competing stimuli at the spinal cord level.

Naturally occurring peptides in the body that modulate pain by binding to opioid receptors.

The process by which pain is recognized by sensory receptors known as nociceptors.

Slow-conducting, unmyelinated fibers that transmit dull, throbbing, chronic pain.

Primary and secondary somatosensory cortices involved in the processing and discrimination of pain intensity and location.

The process by which the brain can control the perception of pain by sending signals down to the spinal cord.

A heightened state of neuronal excitability in the central nervous system that amplifies pain perception.

A major pathway in the spinal cord that carries pain and temperature information to the brain.

A phenomenon where a pain experience in one area of the body can reduce pain sensation in another area.

Specialized peripheral sensory neurons that detect damage and signal the sensation of pain.