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The process by which pain is recognized by sensory receptors known as nociceptors.

Specialized peripheral sensory neurons that detect damage and signal the sensation of pain.

Fast-conducting, myelinated fibers that transmit sharp, immediate pain.

Slow-conducting, unmyelinated fibers that transmit dull, throbbing, chronic pain.

A theory proposing that pain transmission can be modulated by competing stimuli at the spinal cord level.

A neuropeptide involved in the transmission of pain signals to the central nervous system.

The process by which the brain can control the perception of pain by sending signals down to the spinal cord.

Naturally occurring peptides in the body that modulate pain by binding to opioid receptors.

A major pathway in the spinal cord that carries pain and temperature information to the brain.

Acts as the main relay station for sensory information, including pain, going to the cerebral cortex.

Primary and secondary somatosensory cortices involved in the processing and discrimination of pain intensity and location.

Increased sensitivity of nociceptors at the site of tissue damage.

A heightened state of neuronal excitability in the central nervous system that amplifies pain perception.

A phenomenon where a pain experience in one area of the body can reduce pain sensation in another area.