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Neurotransmitters are synthesized from precursor molecules and packaged into vesicles, which is crucial for communication between neurons.

Stored in vesicles within the presynaptic neuron, neurotransmitters are ready for release upon signal reception, ensuring rapid response.

The arrival of an action potential at the axon terminal prompts the release of neurotransmitters, directly influencing signal transmission.

Neurotransmitter vesicles dock at the presynaptic membrane preparing for release, mediated by SNARE proteins.

Calcium ions enter the presynaptic neuron, triggering vesicle fusion with the presynaptic membrane and leading to neurotransmitter release.

Neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft, enabling them to bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron.

Neurotransmitters bind to specific receptors on the postsynaptic membrane, resulting in either excitatory or inhibitory effects on the neuron.

Binding of neurotransmitters to receptors generates a postsynaptic potential, which can either depolarize or hyperpolarize the neuron affecting its activity.

If the postsynaptic potential surpasses the threshold, an action potential is generated, propagating the signal along the neuron.

Neurotransmitters are deactivated to prevent continuous stimulation of the postsynaptic neuron via mechanisms such as reuptake or degradation.

Neurotransmitter molecules are reabsorbed by the presynaptic neuron, terminating the signal and recycling components for future use.