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Psychoneuroimmunology
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Psychoneuroimmunological Influences on Cancer
Psychological stress can potentially influence cancer progression by affecting immune surveillance and altering tumor microenvironments.
Psychological Stress and Wound Healing
Stress can delay the wound healing process by impairing inflammatory responses necessary for tissue repair
Sleep and Immune Function
Adequate sleep is essential for a well-functioning immune system, with sleep deprivation leading to impaired immune response.
Chronic Illness and Psychosocial Stress
Psychosocial stress can exacerbate chronic illnesses by impairing immune regulation and promoting systemic inflammation.
Neuroimmunomodulation
Neuroimmunomodulation involves the regulatory effects of the nervous system on the immune system, highlighting the interplay between neurobiological processes and immune function.
Gut-Brain Axis
The communication network between the central nervous system and gut microbiota, known as the gut-brain axis, influences both mental health and immune responses.
The Role of Interleukins
Interleukins are a type of cytokine that play a critical role in the immune system, being integral for communication between immune cells. Changes in their levels can be influenced by psychological factors, affecting health.
The Cytokine Hypothesis of Depression
The cytokine hypothesis suggests that abnormal cytokine levels, induced by stress or other factors, may contribute to the pathophysiology of depression.
Psychosocial Factors and Cellular Immunity
Positive social interactions and support can enhance cellular immunity, whereas social isolation and negative interpersonal experiences can have deleterious effects.
Vagus Nerve and Inflammation
The vagus nerve can regulate immune responses and inflammation through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.
Behavioral Conditioning of Immune Function
Classical conditioning can modulate immune responses, with certain environmental stimuli being able to trigger conditioned immunomodulation.
Placebo Effect and Immunity
The placebo effect can positively influence immune response through psychological processes, showcasing the power of belief and expectation on physiological outcomes.
Stress and Immune Function
Chronic stress can suppress immune function, leading to increased susceptibility to infections and potentially contributing to the development of autoimmune diseases.
Hormonal Influences on Immunity
Hormones like cortisol and adrenaline can modulate immune responses, influencing inflammation and the activity of immune cells.
Exercise and Immunomodulation
Regular physical exercise can have beneficial effects on the immune system by enhancing immunosurveillance and regulating systemic inflammation.
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