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Biocompatible Materials
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Alumina (Al2O3)
Hard, wear resistant, chemically inert. Applications: Hip joint replacements, dental implants, biosensors.
Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)
Soluble in water, non-toxic, stealth properties. Applications: Drug delivery systems, medical coatings, hydrogels.
Poly(beta-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB)
Biodegradable, biocompatible, good barrier properties. Applications: Tissue engineering, drug delivery systems, sutures.
Polyaniline (PANI)
Conductive, tunable electrical properties, chemically stable. Applications: Biosensors, tissue engineering, smart drug delivery systems.
Graphene
Highly conductive, strong, flexible. Applications: Biosensors, electronic implants, neural electrodes.
Lactic acid/glycolic acid copolymer
Biodegradable, good mechanical properties, custom degradation time. Applications: Controlled drug delivery, absorbable sutures, tissue engineering scaffolds.
Polysulfone
High thermal and chemical stability, transparent, strong. Applications: Medical devices, dialysis membranes, fluid-handling systems.
Silicone rubber
Elastic, non-reactive, thermal stability. Applications: Catheters, skin adhesives, implant coatings.
Collagen
Biocompatible, promotes cell adhesion, biodegradable. Applications: Tissue engineering, wound dressings, regenerative medicine.
Nitinol (Nickel-Titanium)
Shape memory effect, superelasticity, good corrosion resistance. Applications: Stents, orthodontic wires, surgical staples.
Kevlar
High tensile strength, lightweight, heat-resistant. Applications: Surgical sutures, prosthetic devices, medical equipment reinforcement.
Copper (Cu)
Antimicrobial properties, ductile, conductive. Applications: Antimicrobial surfaces, bone implants, cardiovascular devices.
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)
Transparent, strong, lightweight. Applications: Intraocular lenses, bone cement, cosmetic implants.
Degradable metal alloys (e.g., Magnesium alloy)
Biodegradable, biocompatible, mechanically strong. Applications: Orthopedic screws and pins, vascular stents, bone fixation devices.
Silicone
Flexible, biocompatible, inert. Applications: Breast implants, catheters, contact lenses.
Polyglycolic acid (PGA)
Biodegradable, high tensile strength, supports cell attachment. Applications: Sutures, tissue regeneration, drug delivery.
Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)
High impact strength, low friction, resistant to wear and corrosion. Applications: Joint replacement components, surgical instruments, orthopedic implants.
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Water-soluble, non-toxic, stealth properties in the body. Applications: Drug delivery, hydrogels, surface modification of nanoparticles.
Gold (Au)
Biocompatible, inert, conductive. Applications: Dental restorations, bioelectronic devices, diagnostic assays.
Zirconia (ZrO2)
High fracture toughness, wear resistance, aesthetically pleasing (white). Applications: Dental crowns, hip joint replacement, orthopedic implants.
Titanium (Ti)
Corrosion-resistant, high tensile strength, non-toxic. Applications: Dental implants, orthopedic screws, joint replacements.
Polycaprolactone (PCL)
Biocompatible, biodegradable, slow degradation rate. Applications: Tissue engineering scaffolds, drug delivery systems, sutures.
Polylactic acid (PLA)
Biodegradable, biocompatible, made from renewable resources. Applications: Sutures, tissue scaffolds, drug delivery systems.
Calcium phosphate ceramics
Bioactive, osteoconductive, similar to bone mineral. Applications: Bone repair and augmentation, dental grafts, tissue engineering.
Silk fibroin
Biocompatible, high tensile strength, biodegradable. Applications: Tissue scaffolds, ligament repair, suture thread.
Polyethylene (PE)
Lightweight, chemically resistant, versatile. Applications: Artificial joints, surgical containers, prosthetic limbs.
Chitosan
Biocompatible, biodegradable, antibacterial properties. Applications: Wound dressings, hemostatic agents, tissue engineering.
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)
Optically clear, non-toxic, chemically stable. Applications: Microfluidics, contact lenses, medical device coatings.
Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)
Flexible, biocompatible, low toxicity. Applications: Drug delivery systems, padding and cushioning in medical devices, vascular catheters.
Polyanhydrides
Biodegradable, hydrophobic, surface erosion characteristics. Applications: Chemotherapy drug delivery, bone repair materials, tissue engineering scaffolds.
Bioglass
Biocompatible, bonds with bone, supports new bone formation. Applications: Bone grafts, dental reconstruction, orthopedic repair.
Stainless steel
Corrosion-resistant, durable, easily sterilized. Applications: Surgical tools, stents, bone fixators.
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Chemically inert, low friction, non-adhesive. Applications: Vascular grafts, heart valves, surgical meshes.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Economical, versatile, good mechanical properties. Applications: Blood bags, IV containers, medical tubing.
Hydroxyapatite (HA)
Osteoconductive, biocompatible, similar to bone mineral. Applications: Bone grafts, dental implants, tissue engineering.
Polyurethane
Durable, good mechanical properties, can be made bio-stable or biodegradable. Applications: Vascular prostheses, dialysis membranes, surgical drapes.
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)
Biodegradable, produced by microorganisms, thermoplastic. Applications: Drug delivery, tissue engineering, biodegradable implants.
Alginate
Biocompatible, gel-forming, wound healing-promoting properties. Applications: Wound dressings, dental molds, tissue engineering scaffolds.
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