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The pressure exerted by a fluid at equilibrium due to gravity. In biofluids, it's necessary to understand the forces acting on blood within the circulatory system, affecting fluid exchange.

The decrease in average blood viscosity in narrow capillaries due to the axial migration of red blood cells. This effect facilitates blood flow in microvessels.

Describes the distribution of ion species across a semipermeable membrane and its influence on osmotic pressure. Crucial for understanding ionic balance in blood plasma and interstitial fluids.

A dimensionless number that compares the rate of advection of a physical quantity by the flow to the rate of diffusion of the same quantity driven by an appropriate gradient. In biofluids, it's used to describe the importance of convective versus diffusive transport.

The net movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration. In biofluids, diffusion is crucial for oxygen and carbon dioxide transport in the bloodstream.

A form of osmotic pressure exerted by proteins, notably albumin, in a blood vessel's plasma that usually tends to pull water into the circulatory system. It's essential for understanding the fluid balance between blood vessels and tissue spaces.

A principle stating that the branching of blood vessels optimizes for minimal work. It illustrates the efficiency of the cardiovascular system in delivering blood throughout the body.

A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. In the context of biofluids, it's essential for understanding blood flow, particularly in relation to conditions like anemia or polycythemia.

Flow characterized by smooth, parallel layers of fluid. In biofluids, this type is essential for efficient blood circulation through vessels and is disrupted in conditions like atherosclerosis.

Relates the pressure, kinetic energy, and potential energy in a flowing fluid. In biofluids, it's used to describe blood flow dynamics.

A fluid's velocity must increase as it passes through a constricted section of pipe, leading to a decrease in pressure. This principle can be used to explain the mechanism of action of some medical devices like nebulizers.

The ratio of the volume of red blood cells to the total volume of blood. Hematocrit level affects blood viscosity and thus is a significant parameter in the study of hemodynamics.

A semipermeable border that separates the circulating blood from the brain and extracellular fluid in the central nervous system. It's essential for protecting the brain from potentially harmful chemicals while allowing the passage of essential molecules.

The degree to which a hollow organ can expand and contract. In biofluids mechanics, vascular compliance affects blood pressure and flow, and is crucial in diseases like hypertension.

The force per unit length at the interface between two fluids or a fluid and a solid. In biofluids, surface tension is critical in pulmonary alveoli during respiration.

Describes the movement of fluid and solutes across capillary walls. It's vital to understanding edema formation and the exchange of nutrients between blood and tissues.

Flow characterized by chaotic fluid motion. In biofluids, it can lead to issues like thrombosis and is often associated with pathological conditions such as arterial stenosis.

A dimensionless quantity used to predict flow patterns in a fluid. In biofluids, a high Reynolds number can indicate a likelihood of turbulent flow in blood vessels, potentially leading to complications.

Describes the flow of a viscous fluid through a cylindrical pipe. In biofluids, it's used to model the blood flow through capillaries and the effect of vessel radius on flow rate.

The ability of a fluid to flow into narrow spaces without the assistance of external forces. In biofluids, capillary action explains how blood moves through microvessels.

The phenomenon where plasma preferentially enters branching capillaries, leaving more red blood cells in the parent vessel. It impacts blood viscosity and microcirculation efficiency.

Describes the flow of fluid through a porous medium. In biofluids, this law applies to filtration and reabsorption processes in the kidneys.

The pressure required to prevent the flow of solvent across a semipermeable membrane. In biofluids, it is a fundamental concept for understanding fluid balance and movement across cell membranes.

The dynamics of blood flow. Understanding hemodynamics is crucial for diagnosing and treating cardiovascular diseases.

A dimensionless number that compares the heat transfer resistance inside of a body and the heat transfer resistance at the surface of the body. Though generally used in thermodynamics, understanding the biofluid implications can be important in hyperthermia treatment.

A set of equations that describe the motion of viscous fluid substances. In biofluids mechanics, these equations model complex blood flow patterns in the cardiovascular system.

Relates the pressure difference across the wall of a spherical or cylindrical tube to the surface tension and radius of the tube. Important in understanding the mechanics of alveolar walls and blood vessels.

The process by which cells sense and respond to mechanical signals by converting them to biochemical responses. It is critical in the context of blood cells that continuously experience shear stress within blood flow.