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Regenerative Medicine Overview

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Recellularization

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The introduction of cells into a decellularized ECM to produce functional tissues or organs, with the aim to create patient-specific implants that reduce the risk of immune rejection.

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Cellular Therapeutics

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Treatments based on the transplantation of whole cells into a patient to restore the function of damaged tissues or organs, potentially offering cures for a variety of diseases.

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Growth Factors

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Naturally occurring proteins capable of stimulating cellular growth, proliferation, and cellular differentiation, key agents in tissue repair and regeneration processes.

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Decellularization

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A process whereby cellular material is removed from donor tissues to leave behind an ECM scaffold, which can then be recellularized with a patient's own cells to avoid rejection.

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Smart Biomaterials

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Biomaterials designed to respond to biological signals and trigger appropriate therapeutic responses, enhancing the body’s natural regenerative capacity.

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Microenvironment Manipulation

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Altering the local cellular and extracellular environment to promote tissue growth and healing, involves modifying factors like pH, oxygen levels, and growth factor delivery.

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Allogeneic Cell Therapy

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The transplantation of donor cells into a recipient for therapeutic purposes, with considerations for immune compatibility and potential for off-the-shelf treatments.

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Progenitor Cells

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A type of stem cell that is more limited in the types of cells it can become and is partially differentiated, seen as a step between stem cells and fully differentiated cells.

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Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT)

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A laboratory strategy to create a viable embryo from a body cell and an egg cell, used in the context of regenerative medicine to create patient-specific embryonic stem cells.

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Immunomodulation in Regeneration

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Modifying the immune response to promote tissue repair and regeneration, potentially decreasing inflammation and enabling constructive tissue remodeling.

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Stem Cells

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Undifferentiated cells capable of differentiating into specialized cell types and thereby contribute to renewing and repairing tissues, offering potential for treating diseases that result from cellular loss or dysfunction.

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Tissue Engineering

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A practice that combines scaffolds, cells, and biologically active molecules to repair or replace damaged tissues or organs, aiming to restore normal function.

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Cell Homing

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The process by which cells migrate to the site of injury and contribute to tissue repair, a mechanism leveraged in regenerative medicine to enhance healing and organ regeneration.

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Autologous Cell Therapy

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The use of an individual's own cells for treatment, minimizing the risk of immune rejection and complications associated with allogeneic transplants.

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Biomaterials

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Materials that interact with biological systems, used to create scaffolds for tissue engineering, they aim to mimic the natural cellular environment and promote tissue growth.

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Xenogeneic Cell Therapy

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The use of cells from one species transplanted into another species, requiring extensive research to overcome immune barriers, currently a prospective avenue in regenerative medicine.

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Biofabrication

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The automated production of complex biological products such as tissues and organs, utilizing techniques like 3D printing and self-assembling materials to create functional structures.

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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs)

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Adult cells that have been genetically reprogrammed to an embryonic stem cell-like state, they can differentiate into any cell type, offering a personalized approach to regenerative medicine.

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Organ Printing

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A type of 3D bioprinting using cells and biomaterials to print layer-by-layer structures that mimic natural organs, potentially solving the organ shortage crisis for transplants.

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Direct Reprogramming

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A technique to convert one type of mature cell directly into another without going through a pluripotent stage, offering potential for generating tissue-specific cells for therapy.

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Cryopreservation of Cells

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The process of cooling and storing cells at very low temperatures to preserve their integrity for future use in regenerative therapies.

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Gene Therapy

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The therapeutic delivery of nucleic acid into a patient's cells as a drug to treat disease, it aims to correct or compensate for mutant genes or enhance a biological function.

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Angiogenesis

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The development of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, an important aspect of tissue regeneration to ensure that engineered tissues receive sufficient nutrients and oxygen.

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Extracellular Matrix (ECM)

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A complex network of proteins and carbohydrates that provide structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells, critical in tissue regeneration as it guides new tissue formation.

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Biomimicry

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The design and production of materials, structures, and systems that are modeled on biological entities and processes, aimed to improve regenerative medicine approaches by mimicking nature.

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