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Microbiota and Gut Health
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Helicobacter pylori
Role in gut health: Its role is controversial and might affect stomach acid levels. Associated diseases: Peptic ulcers, chronic gastritis, and gastric cancer.
Bifidobacteria
Role in gut health: Improves digestion, enhances immune function, and produces vitamins like B12. Associated diseases: Imbalances may be linked to IBS, obesity, and diabetes.
Giardia lamblia
Role in gut health: Pathogenic protozoan causing gut issues. Associated diseases: Causes giardiasis, leading to diarrheal illness and malabsorption.
Cryptosporidium
Role in gut health: No beneficial role, a protozoan parasite that causes gastrointestinal illness. Associated diseases: Cryptosporidiosis leads to watery diarrhea, stomach cramps, and nausea.
Norovirus
Role in gut health: Does not have a beneficial role; it's a leading cause of gastroenteritis. Associated diseases: Norovirus infection leads to inflammation of the stomach or intestines, causing stomach pain, nausea, and diarrhea.
Candida
Role in gut health: Usually found in small amounts in the gut, overgrowth can cause problems. Associated diseases: Candida overgrowth can lead to candidiasis, thrush, and systemic candidemia infections.
Escherichia Coli (E. coli)
Role in gut health: Some strains synthesize vitamin K and help in food breakdown. Associated diseases: Pathogenic strains can cause food poisoning, urinary tract infections, and neonatal meningitis.
Clostridium difficile
Role in gut health: Disrupts normal gut flora, leading to diarrhea. Associated diseases: C. difficile infection can result from antibiotic therapy and can lead to pseudomembranous colitis.
Lactobacillus
Role in gut health: Enhances the intestinal barrier, synthesizes vitamins and helps with digestion. Associated diseases: Deficiency can lead to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or bacterial infections
Saccharomyces boulardii
Role in gut health: A yeast probiotic that helps fight diarrhea and other digestive problems. Associated diseases: Can help prevent Clostridium difficile infections and antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Role in gut health: Causes immune system damage, including in the gut. Associated diseases: Leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), significantly impacting gut mucosal immunity.
Rotavirus
Role in gut health: Like Norovirus, it is harmful and causes gastroenteritis in children. Associated diseases: Rotavirus infection results in severe diarrhea, vomiting, and fever.
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