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The moment when the heel touches the ground; marks the beginning of the stance phase.

The foot is in full contact with the ground, and body weight is being transferred onto the forward limb.

Occurs when the body weight is directly over the stance limb, and the limb is supporting the full weight in single leg stance.

The heel rises off the ground, and the body prepares for toe-off to initiate the swing phase for the opposite leg.

The toes leave the ground, marking the end of the stance phase and the beginning of the swing phase for that leg.

The thigh begins to advance as the foot comes off the ground and the limb is no longer bearing weight.

Continued advancement of the limb with the knee in a flexed position; the foot clears the ground.

The limb decelerates with knee extension in preparation for heel strike, completing the swing phase.

A limping gait pattern adopted to avoid pain on weight-bearing structures; often results in shortened step length on the affected side.

Caused by weakness of the hip abductor muscles (gluteus medius and minimus); pelvis drops on the contralateral side during stance phase.

Characterized by a stooped, rigid posture, with the head and neck bent forward; commonly associated with Parkinson's disease.

A type of gait where the heel does not touch down, resulting in toe walking; may be due to Achilles tendon shortening.

Characterized by an exaggerated lifting of the knee to allow the foot to clear the ground, due to weakness or paralysis of dorsiflexor muscles.

Occurs when there is weakness of the gluteus maximus muscle, leading to backward lurch of the torso to compensate for weakened hip extension.