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Bones of the Foot and Ankle

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Talus

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Located at the top of the foot, it forms a hinge joint with the tibia and fibula, allowing for up-and-down movement of the foot.

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Tibia

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The larger and stronger of the two lower leg bones, forming the inner part of the ankle joint.

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Interphalangeal Joints

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Hinge joints located between the phalanges of the toes that allow for bending and straightening of the toes.

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Tibia Plafond

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The distal end of the tibia that forms the roof of the ankle joint, articulating with the talus bone.

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Medial Cuneiform

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The largest cuneiform bone, located on the inner side of the foot; important for the medial arch structure and foot stability.

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Peroneal Tubercle

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A bony prominence on the lateral side of the calcaneus that separates the peroneal tendons.

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Spring Ligament

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Also known as plantar calcaneonavicular ligament, it supports the head of the talus and maintains the medial longitudinal arch of the foot.

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Sesamoids

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Two small bones embedded in the tendons under the big toe that enhance leverage and reduce friction.

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Calcaneus

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The largest bone in the foot, forming the heel and acting as the main weight-bearing bone during standing and walking.

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Cuboid

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A cube-shaped lateral bone in the midfoot that provides stability and helps guide the lateral foot movement.

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Lateral Cuneiform

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One of the three cuneiform bones, located on the outer side of the midfoot; plays a role in foot stability and walking.

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Middle Phalanges

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The second set of bones in the toes that connect the proximal and distal phalanges, aiding in movement.

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Plantar Plates

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Strong ligamentous structures that provide stability to the metatarsophalangeal joints, supporting the ball of the foot.

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Sustentaculum Tali

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A horizontal shelf on the medial side of the calcaneus that supports the talus bone.

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Phalanges

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The 14 toe bones that provide structure and joint articulation for movement of the toes.

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Proximal Phalanges

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The first set of bones in the toes directly connected to the metatarsals, playing a key role in toe movement.

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Tarsals

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A collection of seven irregularly shaped bones in the foot that make up the ankle and the proximal aspect of the foot.

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Metatarsophalangeal Joints

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Joints at the base of the toes that allow for movement such as flexion and extension, important for walking and running.

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Intermediate Cuneiform

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Located between the other two cuneiform bones, aiding in foot stability and weight transfer during motion.

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Metatarsals

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Five long bones of the foot that connect the ankle bones to the toes, important for weight-bearing and walking.

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Navicular

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A boat-shaped bone located in the middle of the foot that helps maintain the arch and supports the talus.

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Fibula

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The thinner and smaller bone of the lower leg, providing lateral stability to the ankle.

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Distal Phalanges

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The last set of toe bones at the tip of the toes; they allow for fine motor control of the toes.

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Chopart's Joint

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The joint complex at the midtarsal region, separating the hindfoot and midfoot, consisting of the talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints.

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Subtalar Joint

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A joint below the true ankle joint, formed between the talus and calcaneus, allowing for foot inversion and eversion.

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Lisfranc Joint

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A complex joint located at the point where the metatarsal bones and the tarsal bones connect, key for midfoot stability.

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