Explore tens of thousands of sets crafted by our community.
Essential Orthopedic Pharmacology
26
Flashcards
0/26
Risedronate
Use: Osteoporosis and Paget's disease, Mechanism: Bisphosphonate, inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, Common Side Effects: abdominal pain, muscle cramps, influenza-like syndrome
Tetracycline
Use: Bone infections, Mechanism: Antibiotic, inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, Common Side Effects: photosensitivity, gastrointestinal upset, tooth discoloration
Etidronate
Use: Paget's disease, hypercalcemia, Mechanism: Bisphosphonate, inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, Common Side Effects: nausea, diarrhea, joint pain
Adalimumab
Use: Rheumatoid arthritis, Mechanism: Monoclonal antibody against TNF-alpha, reducing inflammation, Common Side Effects: Injection site reactions, increased infection risk, headaches
Celecoxib
Use: Arthritis, acute pain, and inflammation, Mechanism: COX-2 selective inhibitor, reducing gastrointestinal side effects, Common Side Effects: abdominal pain, diarrhea, headache
Aspirin
Use: Pain, inflammation, and antiplatelet, Mechanism: NSAID, irreversibly inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, Common Side Effects: gastrointestinal bleeding, tinnitus, Reye's syndrome in children
Calcitonin
Use: Osteoporosis, Mechanism: Mimics the action of the thyroid hormone calcitonin, reducing bone resorption, Common Side Effects: nausea, flushed face, hypersensitivity reactions
Vitamin D
Use: Osteoporosis, vitamin D deficiency, Mechanism: Regulates calcium and phosphate homeostasis, Common Side Effects: Hypercalcemia, nausea, vomiting
Bupivacaine
Use: Local anesthesia for surgery, pain management, Mechanism: Blocks sodium channels, preventing nerve impulse transmission, Common Side Effects: hypotension, bradycardia, neurological toxicity
Colchicine
Use: Gout, Mechanism: Binds to tubulin, preventing polymerization into microtubules, inhibiting neutrophil activity and inflammation, Common Side Effects: gastrointestinal discomfort, bone marrow suppression, neuropathy
Teriparatide
Use: Osteoporosis, Mechanism: Recombinant parathyroid hormone, stimulates new bone formation, Common Side Effects: leg cramps, dizziness, hypercalcemia
Hydrocodone
Use: Moderate to severe pain, Mechanism: Opioid receptor agonist, Common Side Effects: constipation, nausea, drowsiness
Zoledronic Acid
Use: Osteoporosis, hypercalcemia of malignancy, Mechanism: Bisphosphonate, inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, Common Side Effects: fever, myalgia, renal impairment
Cyclobenzaprine
Use: Muscle spasm, Mechanism: Muscle relaxant, acts centrally at the brainstem, Common Side Effects: drowsiness, dry mouth, dizziness
Naproxen
Use: Pain, inflammation, and arthritis, Mechanism: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), inhibits COX-1 and COX-2, Common Side Effects: gastrointestinal bleeding, heartburn, renal impairment
Tramadol
Use: Moderate to severe pain, Mechanism: Weak opioid receptor agonist and serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, Common Side Effects: dizziness, headache, constipation
Calcium Supplements
Use: Osteoporosis prevention and treatment, Mechanism: Provides calcium for bone formation and maintenance, Common Side Effects: constipation, hypercalcemia, kidney stones
Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)
Use: Pain and fever, Mechanism: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in the central nervous system, Common Side Effects: liver toxicity at high doses, nausea, rash
Alendronate
Use: Osteoporosis, Mechanism: Bisphosphonate, inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, Common Side Effects: gastrointestinal discomfort, risk of jaw osteonecrosis, esophageal irritation
Lidocaine
Use: Local anesthesia, neuropathic pain, Mechanism: Blocks sodium channels, preventing nerve impulse transmission, Common Side Effects: local irritation, seizures at high doses, hypotension
Ibuprofen
Use: Pain and inflammation, Mechanism: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), inhibits COX-1 and COX-2, Common Side Effects: gastrointestinal discomfort, increased bleeding risk, kidney dysfunction
Prednisone
Use: Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant, Mechanism: Corticosteroid, inhibits gene expression for cytokines, Common Side Effects: weight gain, osteoporosis, increased infection risk
Methotrexate
Use: Rheumatoid arthritis, Mechanism: Folate analog, inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, Common Side Effects: liver toxicity, bone marrow suppression, mucositis
Gabapentin
Use: Neuropathic pain, Mechanism: Inhibits voltage-gated calcium channels, Common Side Effects: dizziness, fatigue, peripheral edema
Diazepam
Use: Muscle spasms, anxiety, Mechanism: Benzodiazepine, enhances GABA activity, Common Side Effects: drowsiness, fatigue, dependence
Denosumab
Use: Osteoporosis, Mechanism: Monoclonal antibody that binds RANKL, preventing osteoclast formation, Common Side Effects: hypocalcemia, back pain, infections
© Hypatia.Tech. 2024 All rights reserved.