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Lines the inner surface of bone cavities, involved in bone growth, repair, and remodeling.

Allow for vascular and nerve supply to deeper bone tissues and communication with the bone's exterior.

Protects bone and serves as an attachment site for muscles and ligaments, also involved in bone growth and repair.

Allow for communication between osteocytes and the exchange of nutrients and waste products.

Regulates the bone remodeling process, influenced by calcium intake, vitamin D levels, and hormones like parathyroid hormone.

Provides hardness and strength to bones, allowing them to withstand compression.

Mature bone cells that maintain the bone matrix and transmit mechanical strains through the bone.

Thin layers of bone tissue in compact bone that add strength and stability.

Reflects the strength of bones and their resistance to fracture.

Facilitates calcium absorption in the gut, essential for normal bone formation and remodeling.

Responsible for bone formation, secretes bone matrix and initiates calcification.

Increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity, thus regulating bone resorption.

Reduces the density of bone, making it lighter and providing space for marrow and blood vessels.

Contributes to the flexibility and tensile strength of bones, reducing the risk of fractures.

Structural unit of compact bone, allows for nutrient and waste exchange.

Involved in bone resorption, breaking down bone tissue, which is crucial for growth, healing, and remodeling.

Produces blood cells and platelets, important for immunity and clotting.

Bone in a healthy person or animal will adapt to the loads under which it is placed.

Responsible for longitudinal bone growth during childhood and adolescence.