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Muscles Attaching to the Hip Bone

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Adductor Longus

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Attachments: Pubis near the pubic symphysis to the linea aspera on the femur. Function: Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates the thigh.

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Sartorius

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Attachments: Anterior superior iliac spine to the medial surface of the tibia at the pes anserinus. Function: Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates the thigh; flexes the leg.

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Gluteus Minimus

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Attachments: External surface of the ilium to the anterior surface of the greater trochanter of the femur. Function: Abducts and medially rotates the thigh.

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Piriformis

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Attachments: Anterior surface of the sacrum to the greater trochanter of the femur. Function: Externally rotates the hip and abducts the thigh when the hip is flexed.

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Quadratus Femoris

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Attachments: Ischial tuberosity to the intertrochanteric crest of the femur. Function: Externally rotates the thigh.

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Gemelli Inferior

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Attachments: Ischial tuberosity to the greater trochanter of the femur. Function: Works with the obturator internus to laterally rotate the thigh.

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Semimembranosus

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Attachments: Ischial tuberosity to the posterior part of the medial tibial condyle. Function: Flexes the knee, extends the hip, and medially rotates the leg when the knee is flexed.

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Gluteus Maximus

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Attachments: Ilium, sacrum, and coccyx to gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract. Function: Extends and laterally rotates the hip.

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Biceps Femoris

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Attachments: (Long head) ischial tuberosity; (Short head) linea aspera and lateral supracondylar ridge of the femur to the head of the fibula. Function: Flexes the knee, extends the hip, and laterally rotates the leg when the knee is flexed.

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Iliopsoas

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Attachments: Iliac fossa and lumbar spine to lesser trochanter of the femur. Function: Primary hip flexor.

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Gracilis

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Attachments: Pubic symphysis to the medial surface of the tibia at the pes anserinus. Function: Adducts the thigh, flexes and medially rotates the leg.

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Obturator Internus

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Attachments: Inner surface of the obturator membrane to the greater trochanter of the femur. Function: Externally rotates the thigh and stabilizes the hip.

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Iliacus

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Attachments: Iliac fossa, sacrum, and anterior sacroiliac ligaments to the lesser trochanter of the femur. Function: Flexes and externally rotates the hip.

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Tensor Fasciae Latae

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Attachments: Anterior aspect of the iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine to iliotibial tract. Function: Abducts and medially rotates the thigh; helps to stabilize the knee.

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Obturator Externus

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Attachments: Outer surface of the obturator membrane to the trochanteric fossa of the femur. Function: Externally rotates the thigh.

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Adductor Magnus

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Attachments: Ischial and pubic rami to the linea aspera and adductor tubercle of the femur. Function: Adducts, flexes, extends, and medially rotates the thigh.

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Rectus Femoris

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Attachments: Anterior inferior iliac spine (and edge of acetabulum) to the patellar tendon and tibial tuberosity via patella. Function: Extends the knee and flexes the hip.

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Vastus Lateralis

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Attachments: Greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, linea aspera to the patellar tendon and tibial tuberosity via patella. Function: Extends the knee.

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Vastus Intermedius

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Attachments: Anterior and lateral surfaces of the femoral shaft to the patellar tendon and tibial tuberosity via patella. Function: Extends the knee.

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Pectineus

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Attachments: Pectineal line of the pubis to the pectineal line of the femur. Function: Adducts and flexes the thigh.

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Semitendinosus

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Attachments: Ischial tuberosity to the medial surface of the tibia at the pes anserinus. Function: Flexes the knee, extends the hip, and medially rotates the leg when the knee is flexed.

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Vastus Medialis

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Attachments: Linea aspera, intertrochanteric line to the patellar tendon and tibial tuberosity via patella. Function: Extends the knee.

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Gluteus Medius

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Attachments: External surface of the ilium to the greater trochanter of the femur. Function: Abducts and medially rotates the thigh.

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Adductor Brevis

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Attachments: Pubis to the pectineal line and proximal linea aspera of the femur. Function: Adducts and medially rotates the thigh.

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Gemelli Superior

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Attachments: Ischial spine to the greater trochanter of the femur. Function: Works with the obturator internus to laterally rotate the thigh.

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