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Assessing patient medical history, current health status, and imaging to strategize the surgical approach.

Application of general or regional anesthesia to ensure patient comfort and immobility during surgery.

A strategic cut made to access the knee joint while minimizing damage to surrounding tissues.

Careful manipulation of muscles, ligaments, and other tissues to prevent damage and reduce postoperative pain.

The precise cutting and removal of the damaged surfaces of the femur, tibia, and sometimes the patella.

Temporary placement of implant components to check for proper fit, alignment, and knee function before permanent fixation.

Choosing the appropriate size and type of prosthesis components based on patient anatomy and bone quality.

Permanent attachment of the prosthesis to the bone, either with bone cement or through a press-fit cementless technique which allows bone to grow into the implant.

The attachment of the femoral part of the prosthesis to the distal end of the femur.

The placement of the tibial component at the top of the tibia to serve as a new weight-bearing surface for the knee.

Optionally resurfacing the patella's surface with a polyethylene component for better articulation with the femoral prosthesis.

The adjustment of tension in surrounding ligaments to ensure stability and proper kinematics after the knee components are in place.

Insertion of a surgical drain to prevent accumulation of fluid and reduce swelling post-surgery.

The process of suturing or stapling the incision site to promote proper healing and reduce the risk of infection.

Securing sterile materials over the incision site to provide a barrier against infection and to absorb fluid.

Acquiring radiographic images to confirm the correct placement and alignment of the implanted prosthesis components.

Postoperative protocols to manage pain including medication, ice application, and potentially nerve blocks.

Starting rehabilitation exercises soon after surgery to promote joint mobility, strengthen muscles, and decrease the risk of thrombosis.

Methods to reduce the risk of postoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT), including medication, compression devices, and early mobilization.