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Total Knee Replacement
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Flashcards
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Tibial Component Placement
The placement of the tibial component at the top of the tibia to serve as a new weight-bearing surface for the knee.
Femoral Component Placement
The attachment of the femoral part of the prosthesis to the distal end of the femur.
Preoperative Planning
Assessing patient medical history, current health status, and imaging to strategize the surgical approach.
Bone Resection
The precise cutting and removal of the damaged surfaces of the femur, tibia, and sometimes the patella.
Trialing of Components
Temporary placement of implant components to check for proper fit, alignment, and knee function before permanent fixation.
Incision
A strategic cut made to access the knee joint while minimizing damage to surrounding tissues.
Component Fixation
Permanent attachment of the prosthesis to the bone, either with bone cement or through a press-fit cementless technique which allows bone to grow into the implant.
Soft Tissue Handling
Careful manipulation of muscles, ligaments, and other tissues to prevent damage and reduce postoperative pain.
Implant Selection
Choosing the appropriate size and type of prosthesis components based on patient anatomy and bone quality.
Anesthesia Administration
Application of general or regional anesthesia to ensure patient comfort and immobility during surgery.
Wound Closure
The process of suturing or stapling the incision site to promote proper healing and reduce the risk of infection.
Application of Dressing
Securing sterile materials over the incision site to provide a barrier against infection and to absorb fluid.
Drain Placement
Insertion of a surgical drain to prevent accumulation of fluid and reduce swelling post-surgery.
Pain Management
Postoperative protocols to manage pain including medication, ice application, and potentially nerve blocks.
Postoperative Imaging
Acquiring radiographic images to confirm the correct placement and alignment of the implanted prosthesis components.
Physical Therapy Initiation
Starting rehabilitation exercises soon after surgery to promote joint mobility, strengthen muscles, and decrease the risk of thrombosis.
Blood Clot Prevention
Methods to reduce the risk of postoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT), including medication, compression devices, and early mobilization.
Patellar Resurfacing
Optionally resurfacing the patella's surface with a polyethylene component for better articulation with the femoral prosthesis.
Ligament Balancing
The adjustment of tension in surrounding ligaments to ensure stability and proper kinematics after the knee components are in place.
Follow-up and Monitoring
Regular postoperative checkups and monitoring for complications such as infection, implant loosening, or DVT.
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