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Epistemology and Education

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Rationalism

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Highlighting the role of reason and intellect in mathematics or philosophy education, demonstrating that knowledge can arise from logical deduction.

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Internalism vs. Externalism

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Instructors can foster debates and discussions in classes, encouraging students to consider whether justification for beliefs comes from internal mental processes or external factors.

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Zone of Proximal Development

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Educators can apply this by providing scaffolded support to enable students to accomplish tasks they cannot do independently, thereby promoting learning.

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Naturalized Epistemology

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Teachers can integrate a science-based approach to understanding how knowledge is acquired, encouraging students to consider cognitive and biological processes.

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Coherentism

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Instruction can focus on the interconnectedness of ideas, helping students understand how concepts relate and support each other within a subject.

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The Gettier Problem

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Using philosophical discussions and thought experiments to illustrate the complexity of defining true knowledge and to challenge the assumption that justified true belief is sufficient for knowledge.

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Constructivism

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Teachers can guide students to construct their own understanding of topics by connecting new information to their existing knowledge framework.

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Empiricism

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Empirical evidence through observation and experimentation can be emphasized as the foundation for knowledge in science courses.

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Fallibilism

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Teachers can encourage critical thinking by highlighting that knowledge is always provisional and subject to revision in light of new evidence.

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Foundationalism

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In education, teachers can build curricula with foundational concepts that students must understand before moving to more complex ideas.

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