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Pragmatism in Epistemology
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W.V.O. Quine and Pragmatism in Language
Favors pragmatic understanding of meaning over formal semantics, considering the practical import of language.
Richard Rorty and Neopragmatism
Calls for abandoning traditional notions of truth and knowledge in favor of diverse, practical, and socially beneficial beliefs.
John Dewey and Instrumentalism
Ideas are tools for problem-solving and must be judged by their effectiveness in practical application.
Hilary Putnam and Pragmatic Realism
Truth must be consistent with scientific principles and practice but is also shaped by human interests and activities.
Charles Sanders Peirce and the Pragmatic Maxim
Perceived truth is tied to expected outcomes; beliefs are gauged by how they guide actions and solve problems.
Richard J. Bernstein and Pragmatic Fallibilism
Advocates for a fallibilist approach to knowledge, where certainty is always provisional, and beliefs must be tested in practice.
William James and Radical Empiricism
Emphasizes experience and the value of beliefs that contribute positively to the human experience.
Jane Addams and Applied Ethics
Ethical principles are tested and validated through active engagement in social reform and addressing societal issues.
Clarence Irving Lewis and Conceptual Pragmatism
Beliefs function as conceptual tools and their truth is contingent upon their usefulness in predictive contexts.
Susan Haack and Foundherentism
Proposes a middle ground between foundationalism and coherentism in which justification is both coherent and grounded in experience.
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