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Emotions and Cognition
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Affective Neuroscience
Investigates the neural basis of emotions and how they are processed by the brain, considering emotions as evolved functions of the brain.
Somatic Marker Hypothesis
Proposes that bodily feedback contributes to decision making and the emotional process, specifically in the context of damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex.
Aristotle's Philosophy of Emotion
Regarded emotions as being closely connected to rational thought and ethical behavior, playing an essential role in a virtuous life.
James-Lange Theory of Emotion
Proposes that emotions result from the perception of bodily reactions to stimuli, suggesting emotions are physical before they are mental.
Two-Factor Theory (Schachter-Singer)
Emphasizes that emotion involves both physiological arousal and a cognitive interpretation or labeling of that arousal.
Evolutionary Theories of Emotion
Considers emotions to be adaptive responses that have been evolutionarily conserved to enhance the survival and reproductive success of organisms.
Constructivist Theory of Emotion
Suggests emotions are constructed from a generic set of building blocks rather than being innate, with culture playing a significant role in shaping them.
Cognitive Appraisal Theory
Focuses on the individual's interpretation and assessment of a situation, which determines their emotional response.
Phenomenology of Emotion
Analyzes emotional experiences on their own terms, exploring how emotions are experienced subjectively, and how they relate to the essence of being human.
Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion
Argues that emotions and bodily reactions occur simultaneously, challenging the notion that physiological arousal alone leads to the emotional experience.
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