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Discusses how being fluent in more than one language may affect an individual's thinking and perception.

Stresses the fundamental role of social interaction in the development of cognition, including the acquisition and use of language.

Proposes that there is a critical period during which human beings can acquire language naturally, after which language acquisition is much more difficult.

The idea that language limits and determines human knowledge or thought, as well as thought processes such as categorization, memory, and perception.

George Orwell's fictional language designed to eliminate personal thought and restrict freedom of expression.

Claims that there is an internal language (mentalese) that serves as the medium for thought processes.

Proposes that the language one speaks directly influences the way one thinks about the world.

Philosophical argument by Wittgenstein suggesting that a language understandable by only a single individual is incoherent.

Examines the use of constructed languages and their potential to shape or reflect thought, such as Esperanto or programming languages.

Theory suggesting that human thought processes are largely metaphorical, with abstract concepts understood through concrete experiences.

Noam Chomsky's theory that the ability to learn grammar is hard-wired into the brain, pointing to an innate language faculty.