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Proponents argue that panpsychism offers a solution to the hard problem of consciousness and avoids issues with emergentism. It also posits a more parsimonious universal explanation for consciousness.

Panpsychism has historical roots in various philosophical traditions, including those of Plato, Spinoza, and Leibniz, among others, and has been revisited in modern philosophy.

Some philosophers and scientists correlate panpsychism with quantum mechanics, suggesting that consciousness could be a fundamental feature of the physical world, as observed in the observer effect or quantum entanglement.

Panpsychism is the philosophical position that mind or a mind-like aspect is a fundamental and ubiquitous feature of reality. It posits that all things have a consciousness or a mind-like quality.

Critics claim that panpsychism fails to explain how individual, subjective experiences arise from universal consciousness. They also question the scientific basis and argue that it doesn't truly solve the hard problem.