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Basketball Terminology

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Alley-oop

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A play where one player throws the ball near the basket to another player who jumps, catches the ball in mid-air, and scores a basket before landing.

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Backcourt Violation

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A violation occurring when the offensive team returns the ball to their own backcourt once they have brought it across the midcourt line.

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Box Out

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A technique used by a player to position themselves between an opponent and the basket to secure a rebound.

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Crossover Dribble

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A dribbling move in which a player dribbles the ball quickly from one hand to the other, to change direction and elude a defender.

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Fast Break

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An offensive strategy in which a team moves quickly down the court in an attempt to score before the defense can set up.

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Full-Court Press

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A defensive strategy where the defensive team applies pressure over the entire court, trying to disrupt the offense.

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Give and Go

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An offensive play where a player passes the ball and immediately moves towards the basket to receive a return pass.

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Iso or Isolation

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An offensive tactic where a player is given space by their teammates to go one-on-one with their defender.

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Jump Ball

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A method used to begin or resume play where the ball is thrown up between two players who jump to tip it to their teammates.

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Layup

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A two-point shot attempt made by leaping from below, laying the ball up near the basket, and using one hand to tip the ball into the basket.

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Man-to-Man Defense

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A defensive strategy where each defender is assigned to guard a specific opponent.

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Pick and Roll

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An offensive play in which a player sets a screen (pick) for a teammate handling the ball and then moves toward the basket (roll) to receive a pass.

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Rebound

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The act of gaining possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw.

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Shot Clock

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A timer designed to increase the game's pace by limiting the time the offensive team can possess the ball before attempting a shot.

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Traveling

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A violation of the rules that occurs when a player holding the ball moves one or both feet illegally.

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Triple-Double

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A performance in which a player accumulates a double-digit number total in three of five statistical categories—points, rebounds, assists, steals, and blocked shots—in a game.

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Turnover

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An event where the team with possession of the ball loses it to the opponent without attempting a shot.

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Zone Defense

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A defensive strategy where each defender is responsible for guarding an area of the court and any offensive player that enters their zone.

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Charge

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A foul called on an offensive player when they run into a stationary defender who has established their position.

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Flagrant Foul

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A personal foul that involves excessive or violent contact, which could injure the fouled player. It often leads to severe penalties.

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Technical Foul

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A foul that does not involve physical contact during the play. It is usually related to unsportsmanlike behavior or procedural violations by a player, coach, or team.

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Free Throw

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An unopposed attempt to score by shooting from behind the free throw line after a foul is committed.

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And-One

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A situation where a player scores a basket while being fouled and then is awarded one additional free throw.

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Slam Dunk

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A shot where a player jumps and forcibly scores by putting the ball directly through the hoop with one or both hands.

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Double-Double

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A performance where a player accumulates ten or more (double digits) in two different statistical categories during a single game.

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Sixth Man

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A player who is not a starter but is valuable for their team by coming off the bench to play in the game.

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Paint

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The area inside the key, which is a rectangular area on the court around the basket. It is often painted a different color.

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Buzzer Beater

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A basket scored just before the game or shot clock buzzer sounds.

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Screen

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An offensive tactic where a stationary player stands so as to block a defender from reaching a teammate.

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Blocking Foul

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A foul committed by a defender who does not establish position in time to prevent an offensive player's drive to the basket.

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