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Basketball Terminology
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Alley-oop
A play where one player throws the ball near the basket to another player who jumps, catches the ball in mid-air, and scores a basket before landing.
Backcourt Violation
A violation occurring when the offensive team returns the ball to their own backcourt once they have brought it across the midcourt line.
Box Out
A technique used by a player to position themselves between an opponent and the basket to secure a rebound.
Crossover Dribble
A dribbling move in which a player dribbles the ball quickly from one hand to the other, to change direction and elude a defender.
Fast Break
An offensive strategy in which a team moves quickly down the court in an attempt to score before the defense can set up.
Full-Court Press
A defensive strategy where the defensive team applies pressure over the entire court, trying to disrupt the offense.
Give and Go
An offensive play where a player passes the ball and immediately moves towards the basket to receive a return pass.
Iso or Isolation
An offensive tactic where a player is given space by their teammates to go one-on-one with their defender.
Jump Ball
A method used to begin or resume play where the ball is thrown up between two players who jump to tip it to their teammates.
Layup
A two-point shot attempt made by leaping from below, laying the ball up near the basket, and using one hand to tip the ball into the basket.
Man-to-Man Defense
A defensive strategy where each defender is assigned to guard a specific opponent.
Pick and Roll
An offensive play in which a player sets a screen (pick) for a teammate handling the ball and then moves toward the basket (roll) to receive a pass.
Rebound
The act of gaining possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw.
Shot Clock
A timer designed to increase the game's pace by limiting the time the offensive team can possess the ball before attempting a shot.
Traveling
A violation of the rules that occurs when a player holding the ball moves one or both feet illegally.
Triple-Double
A performance in which a player accumulates a double-digit number total in three of five statistical categories—points, rebounds, assists, steals, and blocked shots—in a game.
Turnover
An event where the team with possession of the ball loses it to the opponent without attempting a shot.
Zone Defense
A defensive strategy where each defender is responsible for guarding an area of the court and any offensive player that enters their zone.
Charge
A foul called on an offensive player when they run into a stationary defender who has established their position.
Flagrant Foul
A personal foul that involves excessive or violent contact, which could injure the fouled player. It often leads to severe penalties.
Technical Foul
A foul that does not involve physical contact during the play. It is usually related to unsportsmanlike behavior or procedural violations by a player, coach, or team.
Free Throw
An unopposed attempt to score by shooting from behind the free throw line after a foul is committed.
And-One
A situation where a player scores a basket while being fouled and then is awarded one additional free throw.
Slam Dunk
A shot where a player jumps and forcibly scores by putting the ball directly through the hoop with one or both hands.
Double-Double
A performance where a player accumulates ten or more (double digits) in two different statistical categories during a single game.
Sixth Man
A player who is not a starter but is valuable for their team by coming off the bench to play in the game.
Paint
The area inside the key, which is a rectangular area on the court around the basket. It is often painted a different color.
Buzzer Beater
A basket scored just before the game or shot clock buzzer sounds.
Screen
An offensive tactic where a stationary player stands so as to block a defender from reaching a teammate.
Blocking Foul
A foul committed by a defender who does not establish position in time to prevent an offensive player's drive to the basket.
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