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Anticonvulsants in Psychiatry

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Valproate (Valproic Acid)

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Psychiatric uses: Bipolar disorder, especially manic episodes. Common side effects: Nausea, weight gain, hair loss.

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Lamotrigine

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Psychiatric uses: Maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder to delay the time to occurrence of mood episodes. Common side effects: Rash, insomnia, dizziness.

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Carbamazepine

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Psychiatric uses: Acute manic or mixed episodes in bipolar disorder. Common side effects: Dizziness, blurred vision, nausea.

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Oxcarbazepine

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Psychiatric uses: Bipolar disorder, particularly in acute mania and maintenance. Common side effects: Dizziness, headache, nausea.

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Topiramate

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Psychiatric uses: Mood stabilization in bipolar disorder. Off-label for PTSD, impulsivity. Common side effects: Weight loss, paresthesia (tingling), cognitive dulling.

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Phenytoin

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Psychiatric uses: Not typically used due to side effects but may be used in seizure-related psychiatric disorders. Common side effects: Gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, ataxia.

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Gabapentin

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Psychiatric uses: Off-label for anxiety disorders, sleep disorders, and mood stabilization. Common side effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, peripheral edema.

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Pregabalin

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Psychiatric uses: Off-label for generalized anxiety disorder and other anxiety-spectrum disorders. Common side effects: Dizziness, somnolence, dry mouth.

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Levetiracetam

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Psychiatric uses: Limited use in psychiatry, but may have some benefit in specific cases of bipolar disorder. Common side effects: Fatigue, drowsiness, irritability.

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Zonisamide

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Psychiatric uses: Off-label for mood stabilization in bipolar disorder. Common side effects: Weight loss, drowsiness, cognitive impairment.

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Tiagabine

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Psychiatric uses: Sometimes used off-label for anxiety disorders. Common side effects: Dizziness, tremors, gastrointestinal upset.

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Phenobarbital

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Psychiatric uses: Rarely used due to side effects but may be used in treatment-resistant epilepsy with comorbid psychiatric conditions. Common side effects: Sedation, cognitive impairment, dependence.

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Lacosamide

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Psychiatric uses: Limited evidence for mood stabilization in bipolar disorder. Common side effects: Headache, dizziness, nausea.

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Clobazam

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Psychiatric uses: Anxiolytic effects can be beneficial in anxiety disorders, but off-label. Common side effects: Sedation, drowsiness, constipation.

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Ethosuximide

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Psychiatric uses: Not commonly used in psychiatric practice, primarily for absence seizures. Common side effects: Gastrointestinal distress, drowsiness, headache.

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