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Drugs for Bipolar Disorder
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Lithium
Use case: Mood stabilizer for bipolar disorder. Primary side effects: Tremor, hypothyroidism, polyuria.
Valproate
Use case: Mood stabilizer for bipolar disorder. Primary side effects: Nausea, weight gain, hair loss.
Carbamazepine
Use case: Mood stabilizer for bipolar disorder. Primary side effects: Dizziness, blurred vision, ataxia.
Lamotrigine
Use case: Mood stabilizer for bipolar disorder, particularly effective in preventing depressive episodes. Primary side effects: Rash, dizziness, headache.
Olanzapine
Use case: Antipsychotic used to treat manic episodes in bipolar disorder. Primary side effects: Weight gain, sedation, increased risk for diabetes.
Quetiapine
Use case: Antipsychotic used to treat both manic and depressive episodes in bipolar disorder. Primary side effects: Sedation, weight gain, dry mouth.
Risperidone
Use case: Antipsychotic used in the treatment of manic or mixed episodes in bipolar disorder. Primary side effects: Extrapyramidal symptoms, weight gain, hyperprolactinemia.
Aripiprazole
Use case: Antipsychotic used in the treatment of bipolar I disorder for acute manic or mixed episodes, and as a maintenance therapy. Primary side effects: Akathisia, headache, nausea.
Ziprasidone
Use case: Antipsychotic used for the treatment of acute manic or mixed episodes in bipolar disorder. Primary side effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, QT prolongation.
Asenapine
Use case: Antipsychotic for the acute treatment of manic or mixed episodes in bipolar I disorder. Primary side effects: Somnolence, increased appetite, oral hypoesthesia.
Lurasidone
Use case: Antipsychotic for the treatment of bipolar depression. Primary side effects: Akathisia, somnolence, nausea.
Topiramate
Use case: Off-label use as a mood stabilizer in bipolar disorder. Primary side effects: Weight loss, cognitive slowing, paresthesia.
Gabapentin
Use case: Off-label use as a mood stabilizer in bipolar disorder. Primary side effects: Dizziness, fatigue, peripheral edema.
Oxcarbazepine
Use case: Off-label use as a mood stabilizer in bipolar disorder. Primary side effects: Dizziness, headache, nausea.
Haloperidol
Use case: Used off-label for acute control of severe mania in bipolar disorder. Primary side effects: Extrapyramidal symptoms, tardive dyskinesia, akathisia.
Benzodiazepines (e.g., lorazepam)
Use case: Used for short-term management of acute mania or agitation in bipolar disorder. Primary side effects: Sedation, dependence, withdrawal symptoms.
Paliperidone
Use case: Antipsychotic for the treatment of schizoaffective disorder and manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder. Primary side effects: Tachycardia, extrapyramidal symptoms, increased weight.
Clozapine
Use case: Used off-label for treatment-resistant bipolar disorder, particularly for those with psychotic features. Primary side effects: Agranulocytosis, seizures, weight gain.
Zonisamide
Use case: Off-label use as a mood stabilizer in bipolar disorder. Primary side effects: Weight loss, cognitive slowing, kidney stones.
Sertraline
Use case: Antidepressant used in the adjunctive treatment of bipolar depression. Primary side effects: Sexual dysfunction, gastrointestinal upset, increased risk of mania.
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