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Social Comparison Theory
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Assimilation Effect
A social comparison effect that occurs when individuals associate themselves with the success of others to improve their own self-image.
Contrast Effect
Occurred when making social comparisons, leading an individual to feel less similar to the person they are comparing themselves with, often resulting in lower self-evaluation.
Social Comparison Theory
A theoretical framework suggesting that individuals determine their own social and personal worth based on how they stack up against others.
Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) Model
A theory suggesting individuals are motivated to maintain or enhance their self-esteem by engaging in social comparisons with others.
Downward Social Comparison
Comparing ourselves to people who we think are worse off; can be used to boost self-esteem but may lead to complacency.
Reference Group
A social group that serves as a point of reference in making evaluations and decisions.
Upward Social Comparison
Comparing ourselves to people who we believe are better than us in some way; can inspire us to improve but might also lower self-esteem.
Lateral Social Comparison
Comparing ourselves with peers or colleagues who are at a similar level, which can help in self-assessment and enhancement of our sense of identity.
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