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The tendency for people to perform differently when in the presence of others than when alone. Performance improves on simple or well-learned tasks, but can deteriorate on complex or unfamiliar tasks.

A decrease in performance in the presence of a crowd. This often occurs with tasks that are difficult or not yet mastered.

A concern for how others are evaluating us, which can lead to enhanced or impaired performance in the presence of others.

A theory suggesting that the presence of others (an audience) increases physiological arousal, which can enhance the individual's dominant response. For well-learned tasks, this enhances performance; for new tasks, this impairs performance.

A theory that posits there is an optimal level of arousal for best performance on any task: the more complex the task, the lower the level of arousal that can be tolerated before performance deteriorates.

The reaction elicited most quickly and easily by a given stimulus. In social facilitation, the presence of others increases arousal, thus making the dominant response more likely to occur.