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Autoimmune Diseases
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Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
A chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system where the immune system attacks the myelin sheath. Common antigens targeted include myelin basic protein (MBP) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG).
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
An autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks and destroys insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Common antigens targeted include insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and the tyrosine phosphatases IA-2 and ZnT8.
Celiac Disease
An autoimmune disease where ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine. Common antigens targeted include tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and endomysium.
Myasthenia Gravis
An autoimmune disease characterized by weakness and fatigue of skeletal muscles. Common antigens targeted include acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
A chronic inflammatory disorder affecting many joints, including those in the hands and feet. Common antigens targeted include IgG (rheumatoid factor) and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA).
Psoriasis
An autoimmune disease that causes red, itchy scaly patches, most commonly on the knees, elbows, trunk, and scalp. Common antigens targeted are not fully understood but may involve the TNF-alpha pathway.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
A systemic autoimmune disease that affects the skin, joints, kidneys, brain, and other organs. Common antigens targeted include nuclear antigens, such as double-stranded DNA, histones, and Smith (Sm) antigen.
Graves' Disease
An autoimmune disease that causes hyperthyroidism due to antibodies that stimulate the thyroid gland. Common antigens targeted include the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor (TSHR).
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