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Immunology

Transplant Rejection Types

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Hyperacute Rejection

Immunological basis: Pre-existing anti-donor antibodies; Time course: Within minutes to hours post-transplantation

Acute Rejection

Immunological basis: Cell-mediated immunity (T cells) mainly; humoral immunity (antibodies) can also contribute; Time course: Days to weeks post-transplantation

Chronic Rejection

Immunological basis: Continuous immune response leading to fibrosis and scarring of the graft; Time course: Months to years post-transplantation

Graft-versus-Host Disease (GVHD)

Immunological basis: Donor T cells attack recipient's tissues; Time course: Can occur acutely within days or chronically over many months

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