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Immunoglobulin Gene Rearrangement
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Role of RAG Proteins
Recombination activating genes (RAG1 and RAG2) are essential for the V(D)J recombination process as they introduce specific double-strand breaks at recombination signal sequences (RSSs) adjacent to the V, D, and J segments.
Junctional Diversity
Junctional diversity refers to the additional variability introduced at the junctions of V-D and D-J segments during immunoglobulin gene rearrangement, as a result of the imprecise joining of these gene segments and the insertion of N- or P-nucleotides.
Allelic Exclusion
Allelic exclusion is a mechanism that ensures each B or T cell expresses only one allele of an antigen receptor gene, ensuring the monospecificity of receptors on a given lymphocyte, despite the presence of two alleles (one from each parent).
V(D)J Recombination
V(D)J recombination is the process by which B cells and T cells rearrange their gene segments (V, D, and J segments) to create unique receptors, allowing for a vast array of antigen specificities.
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