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Erectile Dysfunction (ED) Medications
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Yohimbine
Mode of action: Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor antagonist that may enhance sexual performance. Dosage: The typical dose is 15-30 mg per day in divided doses. Possible side effects: Increased heart rate, high blood pressure, anxiety, dizziness.
Alprostadil
Mode of action: Prostaglandin E1 that increases blood flow by dilating blood vessels. Dosage: Dosing ranges from 2.5 mcg to 20 mcg intraurethral or intracavernosal. Possible side effects: Penile pain, urethral burning, priapism.
Papaverine
Mode of action: Non-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor that increases blood flow to the penis. Dosage: Intracavernosal injection dosage ranges from 30 to 60 mg. Possible side effects: Priapism, fibrosis, hypotension.
Sildenafil
Mode of action: Inhibits phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), increasing blood flow to the penis. Dosage: Usually 50 mg, taken as needed about 1 hour before sexual activity. Possible side effects: Headache, flushing, dyspepsia, nasal congestion, impaired vision.
Tadalafil
Mode of action: PDE5 inhibitor that increases blood flow to the penis. Dosage: For ED, 10 mg prior to expected sexual activity, with adjustments. Possible side effects: Headache, indigestion, back pain, muscle aches, flushing, and stuffy or runny nose.
Testosterone Replacement Therapy
Mode of action: Supplementation of testosterone to improve levels in the body. Dosage: Varies based on delivery method e.g., gel, patch, injection. Possible side effects: Acne, breast enlargement, prostate enlargement.
Vardenafil
Mode of action: PDE5 inhibitor that increases penile blood flow. Dosage: Typically 10 mg, taken 1 hour before sexual activity. Possible side effects: Headache, flushing, nasal congestion, dyspepsia, dizziness.
Avanafil
Mode of action: Selective PDE5 inhibitor. Dosage: 100 mg taken about 15 minutes before sexual activity. Possible side effects: Headache, flushing, nasal congestion, back pain.
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