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Characteristics: Originates from the renal cortex, often forming a solitary mass. Prognosis: Varies by stage, with a 5-year survival rate ranging from over 90% for localized cancers to under 15% for metastatic conditions. Treatment options: Surgery (nephrectomy), targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and in some cases, radiation therapy.

Characteristics: Aggressive cancer associated with the sickle cell trait. Prognosis: Poor, with a median overall survival of less than a year from diagnosis. Treatment options: Chemotherapy, surgery, potentially clinical trials due to its rarity.

Characteristics: A childhood renal tumor with good response to therapy. Prognosis: High cure rates with a 5-year survival rate of about 90% with treatment. Treatment options: Multimodal approach including surgery, chemotherapy, and sometimes radiation therapy.

Characteristics: Rare tumor arising from the connective tissue of the kidney. Prognosis: Generally poor due to late presentation and aggressive nature. Treatment options: Surgery is the primary treatment, sometimes combined with chemo and/or radiation therapy.

Characteristics: A rare and aggressive type of kidney cancer originating in the collecting ducts. Prognosis: Generally poor with low survival rates. Treatment options: Surgery, chemotherapy, and supportive care, but response to treatment is typically poor.

Characteristics: Secondary involvement of the kidneys by lymphoma. Prognosis: Dependent on the type and stage of lymphoma. Treatment options: Typically treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Nephrectomy is rarely required.

Characteristics: Secondary tumors in the kidneys that originated from other primary cancers. Prognosis: Varies with the primary cancer type and the extent of metastasis. Treatment options: Focused on controlling the primary cancer, may include systemic chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and possibly surgery.

Characteristics: Begins in the renal pelvis and ureter, composed of urothelial cells. Prognosis: Depends on the stage and grade, but generally has a better prognosis than RCC if detected early. Treatment options: Surgery (nephroureterectomy), chemotherapy, intravesical therapy for localized tumors.

Characteristics: Benign renal tumor often discovered incidentally. Prognosis: Excellent, rarely progresses to cancer. Treatment options: Active surveillance, partial nephrectomy for larger or symptomatic tumors.