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Interstitial Cystitis (IC) is a chronic condition causing bladder pressure, bladder pain and sometimes pelvic pain.

The symptoms include persistent pelvic pain, urgency to urinate, frequent urination, and pain during sexual intercourse.

Diagnosis is based on symptoms, ruling out other conditions, and sometimes conducting a cystoscopy or urodynamic tests.

Treatment includes diet changes avoiding irritants, bladder training, stress management, and quitting smoking.

Physical therapy can help relieve IC symptoms through pelvic floor exercises and manual therapy to improve pelvic muscle function.

Medications used include pentosan polysulfate, tricyclic antidepressants, and antihistamines to relieve pain and urgency.

A solution is instilled directly into the bladder via a catheter, often containing medication like dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).