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Male Reproductive System Disorders

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Varicocele

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Causes: Poorly functioning valves in the veins, pressure on the veins. Symptoms: Dull scrotal pain, feeling of heaviness, fertility issues. Treatment options: Surgery (varicocelectomy, embolization), pain management.

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Prostate Cancer

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Causes: Genetic mutations, age, family history. Symptoms: Trouble urinating, blood in semen, erectile dysfunction. Treatment options: Surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, chemotherapy.

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Erectile Dysfunction (ED)

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Causes: Cardiovascular disease, diabetes, psychological conditions. Symptoms: Difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection, reduced sexual desire. Treatment options: Medications (PDE5 inhibitors), counseling, lifestyle changes, vacuum erection devices, surgery.

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Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

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Causes: Age-related hormonal changes, family history. Symptoms: Frequent urination, difficulty starting urination, weak urine stream. Treatment options: Medications (alpha blockers, 5-alpha reductase inhibitors), surgery (TURP), lifestyle changes.

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Testicular Cancer

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Causes: Unknown, but risk factors include undescended testicle, abnormal testicle development, family history. Symptoms: Lump in the testicles, pain or discomfort in scrotum, enlargement of male breast tissue. Treatment options: Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy.

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Peyronie's Disease

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Causes: Trauma to the penis, genetic predisposition. Symptoms: Bent penis during erection, pain during erections, erectile dysfunction. Treatment options: Medications, shockwave therapy, surgery.

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Hydrocele

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Causes: Imbalance in fluid production and absorption, injury, infection. Symptoms: Painless swelling of the scrotum, feeling of heaviness, discomfort with sexual activity or exercise. Treatment options: Observation, surgery (hydrocelectomy), needle aspiration.

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Epididymitis

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Causes: Bacterial infection, sexually transmitted infection, urine in the epididymis. Symptoms: Scrotal pain and swelling, painful urination, discharge from the penis. Treatment options: Antibiotics, pain relievers, bed rest, elevation of the scrotum, cold compresses.

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