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Anatomical Planes and Directions
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Transverse Plane
A horizontal plane that divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts.
Anterior
Refers to a position towards the front of the body.
Superficial
Refers to a position closer to the surface of the body.
Sagittal Plane
A vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts.
Proximal
Indicates that a structure is closer to the root of the limb or point of attachment to the trunk.
Coronal Plane
An anatomical plane that divides the body into dorsal (back) and ventral (front) sections.
Lateral
Refers to a position farther from the midline of the body.
Medial
Refers to a position closer to the midline of the body.
Posterior
Refers to a position towards the back of the body.
Ipsilateral
Refers to structures on the same side of the body.
Superior
Refers to a position higher up or above another part.
Deep
Refers to a position farther away from the surface of the body.
Contralateral
Refers to structures on the opposite side of the body.
Inferior
Refers to a position lower down or below another part.
Distal
Indicates that a structure is farther away from the root of the limb or point of attachment to the trunk.
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