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Anatomical Planes and Directions

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Proximal

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Indicates that a structure is closer to the root of the limb or point of attachment to the trunk.

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Distal

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Indicates that a structure is farther away from the root of the limb or point of attachment to the trunk.

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Inferior

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Refers to a position lower down or below another part.

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Anterior

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Refers to a position towards the front of the body.

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Medial

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Refers to a position closer to the midline of the body.

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Contralateral

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Refers to structures on the opposite side of the body.

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Coronal Plane

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An anatomical plane that divides the body into dorsal (back) and ventral (front) sections.

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Ipsilateral

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Refers to structures on the same side of the body.

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Transverse Plane

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A horizontal plane that divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts.

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Sagittal Plane

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A vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts.

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Lateral

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Refers to a position farther from the midline of the body.

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Deep

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Refers to a position farther away from the surface of the body.

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Posterior

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Refers to a position towards the back of the body.

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Superior

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Refers to a position higher up or above another part.

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Superficial

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Refers to a position closer to the surface of the body.

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