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Breaks down proteins into smaller peptides in the stomach.

Provides an acidic environment in the stomach for enzyme activation and antimicrobial activity.

Hormone that stimulates the gallbladder to release bile and the pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes.

Hormone that inhibits gastric motility and stomach acid secretion.

Emulsifies fats to increase surface area for enzyme action in the small intestine.

Process by which nutrients pass from the digestive system into the bloodstream.

Hormone that stimulates the release of gastric acid (HCl) from the stomach's parietal cells.

Mixing contractions in the small intestine that increase contact between intestinal contents and the absorptive surface.

Elimination of indigestible substances from the body via the anus.

Protein required for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine.

Breaks down proteins into smaller peptides in the small intestine.

Breaks down elastin and other proteins in the small intestine.

Group of enzymes located on the microvilli of the small intestine that finalize digestion of proteins and carbohydrates.

Muscle contractions that move food through the gastrointestinal tract.

The segmentation movements of the large intestine for mixing and absorbing water and salts.

Physical breakdown of food in the mouth to increase surface area.

Breaks down small peptides into individual amino acids in the small intestine.

Breaks down starch into maltose in the mouth.

Breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose in the small intestine.

Breaks down maltose into two glucose molecules in the small intestine.

Continues the breakdown of starch into maltose in the small intestine.

Hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid in the small intestine.

Breaks down dietary fats into fatty acids and glycerol in the small intestine.

Further breaks down proteins into smaller peptides in the small intestine.