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Anatomical Terms of Movement

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Retraction

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The posterior movement of a body part in the horizontal plane, like pulling the jaw back.

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Reposition

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Movement by which the thumb is moved back to its anatomical position from opposition, separating it from the fingers.

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Protraction

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The anterior movement of a body part in the horizontal plane, such as jutting the jaw forward.

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Abduction

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Movement away from the midline of the body, often used in reference to limbs.

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Depression

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Lowering a body part, such as dropping the shoulders or moving the jaw downwards.

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Supination of the foot

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The combination of inversion, plantarflexion, and adduction movements of the foot.

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Dorsiflexion

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Flexing the foot at the ankle, bringing the toes towards the shin, typically used when talking about movements at the ankle.

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Circumduction

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The circular movement of a limb or eye, which combines flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.

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Elevation

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Raising a body part, such as shrugging the shoulders or moving the jaw upwards.

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Adduction

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Movement towards the midline of the body, typically involving the limbs.

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Eversion

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The movement of the sole of the foot away from the median plane, often when twisting the ankle.

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Plantarflexion

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Extending the foot at the ankle, pointing the toes away from the shin, commonly referenced when discussing ankle movements.

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Rotation

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Movement around the axis of a bone, can occur in various body parts such as the head or limbs.

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Supination

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Outward roll of the foot during normal motion or the outward rotation of the forearm so that the palm is facing upwards.

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Pronation

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Inward roll of the foot during normal motion or the inward rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces downwards.

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Inversion

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The movement of the sole of the foot towards the median plane, typical in ankle sprains.

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Pronation of the foot

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The combination of eversion, dorsiflexion, and abduction movements of the foot.

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Opposition

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Movement by which the thumb is brought toward the fingers of the same hand, enabling the hand to grasp objects.

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Flexion

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The bending of a joint or decrease in angle between bones, typically used in describing bending limbs or the spine.

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Extension

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The straightening of a joint or increase in angle between bones, commonly performed by limbs or the spine.

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